Asynchronous Replication and Autosome-Pair Non-Equivalence in Human Embryonic Stem Cells 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Asynchronous Replication and Autosome-Pair Non-Equivalence in Human Embryonic Stem Cells 英文参考文献.doc

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Asynchronous Replication and Autosome-Pair Non-Equivalence in Human Embryonic Stem Cells 英文参考文献

AsynchronousReplicationandAutosome-PairNon- EquivalenceinHumanEmbryonicStemCells DevkanyaDutta,AlexanderW.Ensminger¤,JacobP.Zucker,AndrewChess* Center For Human Genetic Research and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Anumberofmammaliangenesexhibittheunusualpropertiesofrandommonoallelicexpressionandrandomasynchronous replication. Such exceptional genes include genes subject to X inactivation and autosomal genes including odorant receptors, immunoglobulins, interleukins, pheromone receptors, and p120 catenin. In differentiated cells, random asynchronous replication of interspersed autosomal genes is coordinated at the whole chromosome level, indicative of chromosome-pair non-equivalence. Here we have investigated the replication pattern of the random asynchronously replicatinggenesinundifferentiatedhumanembryonicstemcells,usingfluorescenceinsituhybridizationbasedassay.We showthatallele-specificreplicationofX-linkedgenesandrandommonoallelicautosomalgenesoccurinhumanembryonic stem cells. The direction of replication is coordinated at the whole chromosome level and can cross the centromere, indicating the existence of autosome-pair non-equivalence in human embryonic stem cells. These results suggest that epigeneticmechanism(s)thatrandomlydistinguishbetweentwoparentalallelesareemerginginthecellsoftheinnercell mass,thesourceofhumanembryonicstemcells. Citation: Dutta D, Ensminger AW, Zucker JP, Chess A (2009) Asynchronous Replication and Autosome-Pair Non-Equivalence in Human Embryonic Stem Cells.PLoSONE4(3):e4970.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004970 Editor:GiacomoCavalli,CentreNationaldelaRechercheScientifique,France ReceivedNovember25,2008;AcceptedFebruary26,2009;PublishedMarch27,2009 Copyright: ? 2009 Dutta et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distr