Duckweed (Lemna minor) as a Model Plant System for the Study of Human Microbial Pathogenesis 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Duckweed (Lemna minor) as a Model Plant System for the Study of Human Microbial Pathogenesis 英文参考文献.doc

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Duckweed (Lemna minor) as a Model Plant System for the Study of Human Microbial Pathogenesis 英文参考文献

Duckweed(Lemnaminor)asaModelPlantSystemfor theStudyofHumanMicrobialPathogenesis YongZhang1,YangboHu1,3,BaoyuYang1,FangMa1,3¤,PeiLu1,3,LameiLi1,3,ChengsongWan2 ,Simon Rayner1,ShiyunChen1* 1StateKeyLaboratoryofVirology,WuhanInstituteofVirology,theChineseAcademyofSciences,Wuhan,China,2DepartmentofMicrobiology,SchoolofPublicHealth andTropicalMedicine,SouthernMedicalUniversity,Guangzhou,China,3GraduateSchooloftheChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing,China Abstract Background:Plantinfectionmodelsprovidecertainadvantagesoveranimalmodelsinthestudyofpathogenesis.However, current plant models face some limitations, e.g., plant and pathogen cannot co-culture in a contained environment. Developmentofsuchaplantmodelisneededtobetterillustratehost-pathogeninteractions. Methodology/Principal Findings:Wedescribeanovelmodelplantsystemforthestudyofhumanpathogenic bacterial infection on a large scale. This system was initiated by co-cultivation of axenic duckweed (Lemna minor) plants with pathogenicbacteriain24-wellpolystyrenecellcultureplate.Pathogenesisofbacteriatoduckweedwasdemonstratedwith PseudomonasaeruginosaandStaphylococcusaureusastwomodelpathogens.P.aeruginosaPAO1causedseveredetriment toduckweedasjudgedfrominhibitiontofrondmultiplicationandchlorophyllformation.UsingaGFP-markedPAO1strain, wedemonstratedthatbacteriacolonizedonbothfrondsandrootsandformedbiofilms.VirulenceofPAO1toduckweed wasattenuatedinitsquorumsensing(QS)mutantsandinrecombinantstrainsoverexpressingtheQSquenchingenzymes. RN4220,avirulentstrainofS.aureus,causedseveretoxicitytoduckweedwhileanavirulentstrainshowedlittleeffect.Using this system for antimicrobial chemical selection, green tea polyphenols exhibited inhibitory activity against S. aureus virulence. This system was further confirmed to be effective as a pathogenesis model using a number of pathogenic bacterialspecies. Conclusions/Significance: Our results demonstrate that duckweed can be used as a fast, inexpensive and reproducible modelplantsystemfor