Effects of Easy-to-Use Protein-Rich Energy Bar on Energy Balance, Physical Activity and Performance during 8 Days of Sustained Physical Exertion 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Effects of Easy-to-Use Protein-Rich Energy Bar on Energy Balance, Physical Activity and Performance during 8 Days of Sustained Physical Exertion 英文参考文献.doc

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Effects of Easy-to-Use Protein-Rich Energy Bar on Energy Balance, Physical Activity and Performance during 8 Days of Sustained Physical Exertion 英文参考文献

EffectsofEasy-to-UseProtein-RichEnergyBaronEnergy Balance,PhysicalActivityandPerformanceduring8 DaysofSustainedPhysicalExertion MinnaM.Tanskanen1*,KlaasR.Westerterp2,ArjaL.Uusitalo3,MustafaAtalay4,KeijoHa¨kkinen1, HannuO.Kinnunen5,HeikkiKyro¨la¨inen1 1Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyva¨skyla¨, Jyva¨skyla¨, Finland, 2Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,3DepartmentofClinicalPhysiologyandNuclearMedicine,HelsinkiUniversityHospital,Helsinki,Finland,4InstituteofBiomedicine,Physiology,Universityof EasternFinland,Kuopio,Finland,5PolarElectroOy,Kempele,Finland Abstract Background:Previousmilitarystudieshaveshownanenergydeficitduringastrenuousfieldtrainingcourse(TC).Thisstudy aimed to determine the effects of energy bar supplementation on energy balance, physical activity (PA), physical performanceandwell-beingandtoevaluateadlibitumfluidintakeduringwintertime8-daystrenuousTC. Methods:Twenty-sixmen(age2061yr.)wererandomlydividedintotwogroups:Thecontrolgroup(n=12)hadtraditional fieldrationsandtheexperimental(Ebar)group(n=14)fieldrationsplusenergybarsof4.1MJNday21.Energy(EI)andwater intakewasrecorded.Fat-freemassandwaterlossweremeasuredwithdeuteriumdilutionandelimination,respectively.The energy expenditure was calculated using the intake/balance method and energy availability as (EI/estimated basal metabolic rate). PA was monitored using an accelerometer. Physical performance was measured and questionnaires of upperrespiratorytractinfections(URTI),hungerandmoodstatewererecordedbefore,duringandafterTC. Results:EbarhadahigherEIandenergyavailabilitythanthecontrols.However,decreasesinbodymassandfatmasswere similar in both groups representing an energy deficit. No differences were observed between the groups in PA, water balance,URTIsymptomsandchangesinphysicalperformanceandfat-freemass.EbarfeltlesshungerafterTCthanthe controls and they had improved positive mood state during the latter part of TC while control