Effect Sizes in Experimental Pain Produced by Gender, Genetic Variants and Sensitization Procedures 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Effect Sizes in Experimental Pain Produced by Gender, Genetic Variants and Sensitization Procedures 英文参考文献.doc

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Effect Sizes in Experimental Pain Produced by Gender, Genetic Variants and Sensitization Procedures 英文参考文献

EffectSizesinExperimentalPainProducedbyGender, GeneticVariantsandSensitizationProcedures AlexandraDoehring1,NeleKu¨sener2,KarinFlu¨hr1,TillJ.Neddermeyer1,GabySchneider2,Jo¨rnLo¨tsch1* 1pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2Department of Computer Science and Mathematics,Goethe-University,FrankfurtamMain,Germany Abstract Background:Variouseffectsonpainhavebeenreportedwithrespecttotheirstatisticalsignificance,butastandardized measureofeffectsizehasbeenrarelyadded.Suchameasurewouldeasecomparisonofthemagnitudeoftheeffectsacross studies,forexampletheeffectofgenderonheatpainwiththeeffectofageneticvariantonpressurepain. Methodology/Principal Findings: Effect sizes on pain thresholds to stimuli consisting of heat, cold, blunt pressure, punctuate pressure andelectrical current, administered to125subjects, wereanalyzedfor29commonvariantsineight human genes reportedly modulating pain, gender and sensitization procedures using capsaicin or menthol. The genotype explained 0–5.9% of the total interindividual variance in pain thresholds to various stimuli and produced mainlysmalleffects (Cohen’s d0–1.8).ThelargesteffecthadtheTRPA1r/r haplotype explaining .5% of the variance in electrical pain thresholds and conferring lower pain sensitivity to homozygous carriers. Gender produced larger effect sizes than most variant alleles (1–14.8% explained variance, Cohen’s d0.2–0.8), with higher pain sensitivity inwomenthaninmen.Sensitization bycapsaicin ormentholexplainedupto63%ofthetotalvariance(4.7– 62.8%)andproducedlargesteffectsaccordingtoCohen’sd(0.4–2.6), especiallyheatsensitization bycapsaicin(Cohen’s d=2.6). Conclusions:Sensitization,genderandgeneticvariantsproduceeffectsonpaininthementionedorderofeffectsizes.The presentreportmayprovideabasisforcomparativediscussionsoffactorsinfluencingpain. Citation:DoehringA,Ku¨senerN,Flu¨hrK,NeddermeyerTJ,SchneiderG,etal.(2011)EffectSizes