Genetic Complexity and Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Yeast Morphological Traits 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Genetic Complexity and Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Yeast Morphological Traits 英文参考文献.doc

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Genetic Complexity and Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Yeast Morphological Traits 英文参考文献

GeneticComplexityand QuantitativeTraitLociMapping ofYeastMorphologicalTraits Satoru Nogami1,Yoshikazu Ohya1*,Gae¨lYvert2,3* 1DepartmentofIntegratedBiosciences,GraduateSchoolofFrontierSciences,UniversityofTokyo,Kashiwa,Chiba,Japan,2LaboratoiredeBiotechnologieetBioproce′de′s, InstitutNationaldesSciencesApplique′es,CentreNationaldelaRechercheScientifiqueUMR5504,Toulouse,France,3Universite′ deLyon,Lyon,France;Universite′ Lyon1, Lyon,France;LaboratoiredeBiologieMole′culairedelaCellule,InstitutNationaldelaRechercheAgronomique,CentreNationaldelaRechercheScientifique,EcoleNormale Supe′rieure deLyon,Lyon,France;IFR128BioSciencesLyon-Gerland,Lyon,France Functional genomics relies on two essential parameters: the sensitivity of phenotypic measures and the power to detectgenomicperturbationsthatcausephenotypicvariations.Inmodelorganisms,twotypesofperturbationsare widely used. Artificial mutations can be introduced in virtually any gene and allow the systematic analysis of gene functionviamutantsfitness.Alternatively,naturalgeneticvariationscanbeassociatedtoparticularphenotypesvia genetic mapping. However, the access to genome manipulation and breeding provided by model organisms is sometimes counterbalanced by phenotyping limitations. Here we investigated the natural genetic diversity of Saccharomycescerevisiaecellularmorphologyusingaverysensitivehigh-throughputimagingplatform.Wequantified 501morphologicalparametersinover50,000yeastcellsfromacrossbetweentwowild-typedivergentbackgrounds. Extensivemorphologicaldifferenceswerefoundbetweenthesebackgrounds.Thegeneticarchitectureofthetraitswas complex,withevidenceofbothepistasisandtransgressivesegregation.Wemappedquantitativetraitloci(QTL)for67 traits and discovered 364 correlations between traits segregation and inheritance of gene expression levels. We validatedoneQTLbythereplacementofasinglebaseinthegenome.Thisstudyillustratesthenaturaldiversityand complexity of cellular traits among natural yeast strains and provides a