Genetic Diversity, Recombination, and Divergence in Animal Associated Penicillium dipodomyis 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Genetic Diversity, Recombination, and Divergence in Animal Associated Penicillium dipodomyis 英文参考文献.doc

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Genetic Diversity, Recombination, and Divergence in Animal Associated Penicillium dipodomyis 英文参考文献

GeneticDiversity,Recombination,andDivergencein AnimalAssociatedPenicilliumdipodomyis DanielA.Henk*,MatthewC.Fisher DepartmentofInfectiousDiseaseEpidemiology,ImperialCollege,London,UnitedKingdom Abstract PenicilliumdipodomyisisthoughttobeanexclusivelyasexualfungusassociatedwithKangarooRats,Dipodomysspecies, andisuniqueamongPenicilliumspeciesingrowingat37uCbutproducingnoknowntoxins.Lackofrecombinationwithin P. dipodomyis would result in limited adaptive flexibility but possibly enhance local adaptation and host selection via maintenance of favourable genotypes. Here, analysis of DNA sequence data from five protein-coding genes shows that recombinationoccurswithinP.dipodomyisonasmallspatialscale.Furthermore,detectionofmating-typeallelessupports outcrossing and a sexual cycle in P. dipodomyis. P. dipodomyis was a weaker competitor in in vitro assays with other PenicilliumspeciesfoundinassociationwithKanagaroorats.BayesianspecieslevelanalysissuggeststhattheP.dipodomyis lineagedivergedfromcloselyrelatedspeciesalsofoundincheekpouchesofKangarooRatsandtheirstoredseedsabout11 millionyearsago,asimilardivergencetimeasDipodomysfromitssisterrodenttaxa. Citation: Henk DA, Fisher MC (2011) Genetic Diversity, Recombination, and Divergencein Animal Associated Penicillium dipodomyis. PLoS ONE 6(8): e22883. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022883 Editor:VishnuChaturvedi,NewYorkStateHealthDepartmentandUniversityatAlbany,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedMarch28,2011;AcceptedJuly6,2011;PublishedAugust5,2011 Copyright: ? 2011 Henk, Fisher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding: This work was supported by grants to Dr. Matthew Fisher’s lab at Imperial College London from the Leverhulme Trust [F/07/058/AJ] (http://www. leverhulme.ac.uk/)andtheWellcomeTrust[084616/A/08/Z](http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/).Thefundershad