Mortality Measurement Matters Improving Data Collection and Estimation Methods for Child and Adult Mortality 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Mortality Measurement Matters Improving Data Collection and Estimation Methods for Child and Adult Mortality 英文参考文献.doc

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Mortality Measurement Matters Improving Data Collection and Estimation Methods for Child and Adult Mortality 英文参考文献

Perspective MortalityMeasurementMatters:ImprovingData CollectionandEstimationMethodsforChildandAdult Mortality ColinMathers*,TiesBoerma DepartmentofHealthStatisticsandInformatics,WorldHealthOrganization,Geneva,Switzerland Theaccuratemeasurementandestima- tionofmortalitylevels,trends,causes,and LinkedResearchArticles differentials are a cornerstone of public ThisPerspectivediscussesthefollowingnewstudiespublishedinPLoSMedicine: health. Child and adult mortality rates, often summarized in a life expectancy 1.MurrayCJL,RajaratnamJK,MarcusJ,LaaksoT,LopezAD(2010)WhatCanWe Conclude from Death Registration? Improved Methods for Evaluating Com- pleteness.PLoSMed7(4):e1000262.doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000262 measure, are key indicators of levels of health and development. The preferred source of mortality data is prospective measurementthroughcontinuousregistra- Murray and colleagues evaluate the performance of a suite of demographic methodswhichestimatethefractionofdeathsregisteredandcountedbycivil registrationsystems,andidentifythreevariantsthatgenerallyperformthebest. tion of deaths, as is done in civil registration systems. But in many coun- tries, especially those with poorly devel- opedstatisticalsystemsandhigherlevelsof mortality, retrospective measurement in households and surveys is the principal vehiclefordatacollection.Allmethodsof data collection suffer from two generic problems: omission of events and dating errors. During the past few decades, demographers have developed and used a range of methods to improve data collection,assesslevelsofbias,andcorrect for such biases [1–3]. In three papers published in this issue of PLoS Medicine 2.Rajaratnam JK, Tran LN, Lopez AD, Murray CJL (2010) Measuring Under-Five Mortality: Validation of New Low-Cost Methods. PLoS Med 7(4): e1000253. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000253 Usingdatafrom166DemographicandHealthSurveys,Rajaratnamandcolleagues develop and validate new empirically based methods of estimating under-five mor