Mycobacterium africanum—Review of an Important Cause of Human Tuberculosis in West Africa 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Mycobacterium africanum—Review of an Important Cause of Human Tuberculosis in West Africa 英文参考文献.doc

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Mycobacterium africanum—Review of an Important Cause of Human Tuberculosis in West Africa 英文参考文献

Review Mycobacteriumafricanum—ReviewofanImportant CauseofHumanTuberculosisinWestAfrica BoukeC.deJong1,2,3*,MartinAntonio1,SebastienGagneux4,5 1MRC Laboratories, Bacterial Diseases Programme, Fajara, The Gambia, 2New York University Division of Infectious Diseases, New York, New York, United States of America,3InstituteforTropicalMedicine,MycobacteriologyUnit,Antwerp, Belgium,4MRCNationalInstituteforMedicalResearch,London,UnitedKingdom, 5Swiss TropicalandPublicHealthInstitute,Basel,Switzerland However,likeM.bovis,M.africanumtendedtobenitratenegative,a weakproducerofniacin,andtogrowmicroaerophilicallyinmedia Abstract: Mycobacterium africanum consists of two phylogeneticallydistinctlineageswithintheMycobacteri- um tuberculosis complex, known as M. africanum West African1andM.africanumWestAfrican2.Theselineages arerestrictedtoWestAfrica,wheretheycauseuptohalf supplementedwithpyruvate,albeitwithvariableresults(Table1, [8]).MeissnerdescribedsimilarisolatesfromGhanain1969[9]. OnLowenstein-Jensen solid agar,M.africanum grewmore slowly thanM.tuberculosis,withculturesoccasionallyyieldinggrowthonly of human pulmonary tuberculosis. In this review we after 10weeks,comparedto3–4weeks inM.tuberculosis [10,11]. discuss the definition of M. africanum, describe the Castetsthusrecommendeda90-dayincubationforisolationofM. prevalenceandrestrictedgeographicaldistributionofM. africanum [6]. In minimal media using glucose as sole carbon africanumWestAfrican1and2,reviewtheoccurrenceof source, M. africanum could not use L-alanine as sole nitrogen M. africanum in animals, and summarize the phenotypic source, similar to M. bovis [12]. Using colony morphology and differencesdescribedthusfarbetweenM.africanumand M.tuberculosissensustricto. biochemical results, a distinction was made between the Dakar varietyofM.africanum,whichlikelycorrespondstoMAF2,anda Yaoundevariety,whichlikelycorrespondstoMAF1,aswellasa RwandavarietythatmayhavecorrespondedwiththeformerEast AfricanM.african