Occurrence of mental illness following prenatal and early childhood exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE)-contaminated drinking water a retrospective cohort study 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Occurrence of mental illness following prenatal and early childhood exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE)-contaminated drinking water a retrospective cohort study 英文参考文献.doc

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Occurrence of mental illness following prenatal and early childhood exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE)-contaminated drinking water a retrospective cohort study 英文参考文献

Aschengrauetal.EnvironmentalHealth2012,11:2 /content/11/1/2 RESEARCH OpenAccess Occurrenceofmentalillnessfollowingprenatal andearlychildhoodexposureto tetrachloroethylene(PCE)-contaminateddrinking water:aretrospectivecohortstudy AnnAschengrau1*,JaniceMWeinberg2,PatriciaAJanulewicz1,MeganERomano1,3,LisaGGallagher4, MichaelRWinter5,BrettRMartin5,VeronicaMVieira4,ThomasFWebster4,RobertaFWhite4,6 and DavidMOzonoff4 Abstract Background:Whilemanystudiesofadultswithsolventexposurehaveshownincreasedrisksofanxietyand depressivedisorders,thereislittleinformationontheimpactofprenatalandearlychildhoodexposureonthe subsequentriskofmentalillness.Thisretrospectivecohortstudyexaminedwhetherearlylifeexposureto tetrachloroethylene(PCE)-contaminateddrinkingwaterinfluencedtheoccurrenceofdepression,bipolardisorder, post-traumaticstressdisorder,andschizophreniaamongadultsfromCapeCod,Massachusetts. Methods:Atotalof1,512subjectsbornbetween1969and1983werestudied,including831subjectswithboth prenatalandearlychildhoodPCEexposureand547unexposedsubjects.Participantscompletedquestionnairesto gatherinformationonmentalillnesses,demographicandmedicalcharacteristics,othersourcesofsolvent exposure,andresidencesfrombirththrough1990.PCEexposureoriginatingfromthevinyl-linerofwater distributionpipeswasassessedusingwaterdistributionsystemmodelingsoftwarethatincorporatedaleaching andtransportalgorithm. Results:Nomeaningfulincreasesinriskratios(RR)fordepressionwereobservedamongsubjectswithprenatal andearlychildhoodexposure(RR:1.1,95%CI:0.9-1.4).However,subjectswithprenatalandearlychildhood exposurehada1.8-foldincreasedriskofbipolardisorder(N=36exposedcases,95%CI:0.9-1.4),a1.5-fold increasedriskpost-traumaticstressdisorder(N=47exposedcases,95%CI:0.9-2.5),anda2.1-foldincreasedriskof schizophrenia(N=3exposedcases,95%CI:0.2-20.0).Furtherincreasesintheriskratiowereobservedforbipolar disorder(N=18exposedcases,RR;2.7,95%CI:1.3-5.6)andpost-traumaticstressdisorder(N=18exposedcases, RR:1.7,95%CI:0.9-3.2)amon