Odours Influence Visually Induced Emotion Behavior and Neuroimaging 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2010, 10, 8185-8197; doi:10.3390/s100908185 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Article Odours Influence Visually Induced Emotion: Behavior and Neuroimaging Peter Walla 1,2,3,4,5,* and Lüder Deecke 2,3 1 School of Psychology, Newcastle University, Callaghan 2308 NSW, Newcastle, Australia 2 Clinic of Neurology, Medical University Vienna, W?hringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; E-Mail: lueder.deecke@meduniwien.ac.at (L.D.) 3 Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Functional Brain Topography, Vienna, Austria 4 Department of Psychology, Biological Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria 5 Neuroconsult e.U., Applied Neuroscience Institute, Güntergasse 3/3, 1090 Vienna, Austria * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: peter.walla@.au; Tel.: +61-2 Received: 28 July 2010; in revised form: 26 August 2010 / Accepted: 31 August 2010 / Published: 1 September 2010 Abstract: The present study was conducted to investigate the influence of olfaction on subjective valence intensity ratings of visual presentations. Pictures of five different categories (baby, flower, erotic, fear and disgust) were presented each being associated with five different odour conditions [no odour, low and high concentrations of phenylethyl alcohol (positive odour) and low and high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide (negative odour)]. Study participants had to rate the emotional content of each picture with respect to valence and intensity while brain activities were recorded with a whole-cortex magnetoencephalograph (MEG). A significant interaction between odour condition and picture category with respect to rating performance was found. In particular, positive valence intensity ratings related to flowers were increased in positive and negative odour conditions. Negative valence intensity ratings related to disgusting pictures were