Orientation-Specificity of Adaptation Isotropic Adaptation Is Purely Monocular 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Orientation-Specificity of Adaptation Isotropic Adaptation Is Purely Monocular 英文参考文献.doc

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Orientation-Specificity of Adaptation Isotropic Adaptation Is Purely Monocular 英文参考文献

Orientation-SpecificityofAdaptation:Isotropic AdaptationIsPurelyMonocular JohnCass1*,AmeikaJohnson2,PeterJ.Bex3,DavidAlais2 1SchoolofPsychology,UniversityofWesternSydney,Penrith,NewSouthWales,Australia,2SchoolofPsychology,UniversityofSydney,Sydney,Australia,3Schepens EyeResearchInstitute,HarvardMedicalSchool,Cambridge,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Numerous studies have found that prolonged exposure to grating stimuli reduces sensitivity to subsequently presented gratings, most evidently when the orientations of the adapting and test patterns are similar. The rate of sensitivity loss varieswithangulardifferenceindicatingboththepresenceandbandwidthsofpsychophysical‘orientationchannels’.Here we study the orientation dependency of contrast adaptation measured both monoptically and dichoptically. Earlier psychophysicalreportsshowthatorientationbandwidthsarebroaderatlowerspatialfrequencies,andweconfirmthiswith asimplevonMisesmodelusing0.25vs.2c.p.d.gratings.Whenasingleisotropic(orientationinvariant)parameterisadded tothismodel,however,wefindnoevidenceforanydifferenceinbandwidthwithspatialfrequency.Consistentwithcross- orientationmaskingeffects,wefindisotropicadaptationtobestronglylowspatialfrequency-biased.Surprisingly,unlike masking, we find that the effects of interocular adaptation are purely orientation-tuned, with no evidence of isotropic threshold elevation. This dissociation points to isotropic (or ‘cross-orientation’) adaptation being an earlier and more magnocellular-likeprocessthanthatwhichsupportsorientation-tunedadaptationandsuggeststhatisotropicmaskingand adaptationarelikelymediatedbyseparatemechanisms. Citation: Cass J, Johnson A, Bex PJ, Alais D (2012) Orientation-Specificity of Adaptation: Isotropic Adaptation Is Purely Monocular. PLoS ONE 7(11): e47425. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047425 Editor:DanielOsorio,UniversityofSussex,UnitedKingdom ReceivedAugust23,2011;AcceptedSeptember17,2012;PublishedNovember7,2012 Copyright:?2012Cassetal.Thisisa