Patterns of Positive Selection and Neutral Evolution in the Protein-Coding Genes of Tetraodon and Takifugu 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Patterns of Positive Selection and Neutral Evolution in the Protein-Coding Genes of Tetraodon and Takifugu 英文参考文献.doc

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Patterns of Positive Selection and Neutral Evolution in the Protein-Coding Genes of Tetraodon and Takifugu 英文参考文献

PatternsofPositiveSelectionandNeutralEvolutionin theProtein-CodingGenesofTetraodonandTakifugu JuanI.Montoya-Burgos* DepartmentofGeneticsandEvolution,UniversityofGeneva,Geneva,Switzerland Abstract Recentgenome-wideanalyseshaverevealedpatternsofpositiveselectionactingonprotein-codinggenesinhumansand mammals. To assess whether the conclusions drawn from these analyses are valid for other vertebrates and to identify mammalian specificities, I have investigated the selective pressure acting on protein-coding genes of the puffer fishes Tetraodon andTakifugu. Myresults indicatethatthestrength ofpurifying selectionin pufferfishes issimilar toprevious reportsformuridsbutstrongerinhominids,whichhaveasmallerpopulationsize.Geneontologyanalysesshowthatmore than half of the biological processes targeted by positive selection in mammals are also targeted in puffer fishes, highlightinggeneralpatternsforvertebrates.Biologicalprocessesenrichedwithpositivelyselectedgenesthatareshared betweenmammalsandfishesincludeimmuneanddefenseresponses,signaltransduction,regulationoftranscriptionand several of their descendent terms. Mammalian-specific processes displaying an excess of positively selected genes are relatedtosensoryperceptionandneurologicalprocesses.Thecomparativeanalysesalsorevealedthat,forbothmammals andfishes,genesencodingextracellularproteinsarepreferentiallytargetedbypositiveselection,indicatingthatadaptive evolutionoccursmoreoftenintheextra-cellularenvironmentratherthaninsidethecell.Moreover,Ipresentherethefirst genome-wide characterization of neutrally-evolving regions of protein-coding genes. This analysis revealed an unexpectedly high proportion of genes containing both positively selected motifs and neutrally-evolving regions, uncoveringastronglinkbetweenneutralevolutionandpositiveselection.Ispeculatethatneutrally-evolvingregionsarea majorsourceofnoveltiesscreenedbynaturalselection. Citation:Montoya-BurgosJI(2011)PatternsofPositiveSelectionandNeutralEvolutioninthePr