Pedigree and marker information requirements to monitor genetic variability 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Pedigree and marker information requirements to monitor genetic variability 英文参考文献.doc

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Pedigree and marker information requirements to monitor genetic variability 英文参考文献

Genet. Sel. Evol. 35(2003) 369–383 ?INRA, EDP Sciences, 2003 DOI: 10.1051/gse:2003029 369 Original article Pedigreeandmarkerinformation requirementstomonitorgeneticvariability RoswithaBAUMUNG ?,JohannS?LKNER DepartmentofLivestockSciences,UniversityofAgriculturalSciences, GregorMendel-Str. 33,1180Vienna,Austria (Received22April2002;accepted15January2003) Abstract– Thereareseveralmeasuresavailabletodescribethegeneticvariabilityofpopula- tions. Theaverageinbreedingcoef?cientofapopulationbasedonpedigreeinformationisa frequentlychosenoption. Duetothedevelopmentsinmoleculargeneticsitisalsopossibleto calculateinbreedingcoef?cientsbasedongeneticmarkerinformation.Asimulationstudywas carriedoutinvolvingtensiresand50dams.Theanimalswerematedoveraperiodof20discrete generations.Thepopulationsizewaskeptconstant.Differentsituationswithregardtothelevel ofpolymorphismandinitialallelefrequenciesandmatingscheme(randommating,avoidanceof fullsibmating,avoidanceoffullsibandhalfsibmating)wereconsidered.Pedigreeinbreeding coef?cientsofthelastgenerationusingfullpedigreeor10,5and2generationsofthepedigree werecalculated. Markerinbreedingcoef?cientsbasedondifferentsetsofmicrosatelliteloci werealsoinvestigated.Underrandommating,pedigree-inbreedingcoef?cientsareclearlymore closelyrelatedtotrueautozygosity(i.e.,theactualproportionoflociwithallelesidenticalby descent) than marker-inbreeding coef?cients. If mating is not random, the demands on the qualityandquantityofpedigreerecordsincrease. Greaterattentionmustbepaidtothecorrect parentageoftheanimals. autozygosity/inbreeding/microsatellite/qualityofpedigree 1.INTRODUCTION Intheinitialstagesofconservation,populationsmaynotbeconcernedwith geneticprogress, butsimplywithconservinggeneticvariation. Thismeans that the rate of inbreeding should be minimised. Various suggestions have beenmadetoachievethis. Inprinciple,twoquestionshavetobeanswered: which animals to select and how to mate them? Caballero and Toro [3,4] discussthattheoptimalchoiceofbr