Potential Component Allee Effects and Their Impact on Wetland Management in the Conservation of Endangered Anurans 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Potential Component Allee Effects and Their Impact on Wetland Management in the Conservation of Endangered Anurans 英文参考文献.doc

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Potential Component Allee Effects and Their Impact on Wetland Management in the Conservation of Endangered Anurans 英文参考文献

PotentialComponentAlleeEffectsandTheirImpacton WetlandManagementintheConservationof EndangeredAnurans MicheleA.Gaston*,AkikoFuji,FloydW.Weckerly,MichaelR.J.Forstner DepartmentofBiology,TexasStateUniversity-SanMarcos,SanMarcos,Texas,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Effective management of wetland quantity and quality is crucial for effective conservation of declining amphibian populations. In particular, frogs and toads that employ aggregative breeding strategies may suffer negative population impactsinresponsetochangesinavailabilityofaquaticbreedinghabitat,includingoverabundanceofsuitablehabitat,if densityofconspecificsattendingaggregationsispositivelycorrelatedwithreproductivesuccess.Herewedocumentsucha positiverelationship,potentiallythefirst exampleofacomponentAllee effectinananuran,inthecritically endangered Houstontoad(Bufohoustonensis).Weassessedtherelationshipbetweenmeanyearlychorussizeandreproductivesuccess ofmalesatthepondlevelusinganinformationtheoreticmodelselectionapproachandatwo-samplet-test.Thechosen modelcontainedthesinglevariableofmeanyearlychorussizetopredictprobabilityofreproduction,asselectedusingthe AkaikeInformationCriterioncorrectedforsmallsamplesizeandAkaikeweight.Meanchorussizesweresignificantlyhigher among ponds exhibiting evidence of reproduction than in those that showed no evidence of reproduction. Our results suggestthatchorusingaloneisapoorproxyforinferenceofpopulationstabilityandhighlightaneedforreassessmentof widely-usedamphibianmonitoringprotocols. Further, amphibianconservationefforts shouldaccount for potentialAllee effects in order to optimize benefits and avoid underestimating critical population thresholds, particularly in species exhibitingrapidpopulationdeclines. Citation:GastonMA,FujiA,WeckerlyFW,ForstnerMRJ(2010)PotentialComponentAlleeEffectsandTheirImpactonWetlandManagementintheConservation ofEndangeredAnurans.PLoSONE5(4):e10102.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010102 Editor:StewartPlaistow,UniversityofLiverpool,UnitedKin