Producer Nutritional Quality Controls Ecosystem Trophic Structure 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Producer Nutritional Quality Controls Ecosystem Trophic Structure 英文参考文献.doc

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Producer Nutritional Quality Controls Ecosystem Trophic Structure 英文参考文献

ProducerNutritionalQualityControlsEcosystemTrophic Structure JustCebrian1.*,JonathanB.Shurin2.,ElizabethT.Borer3,BradleyJ.Cardinale4,JacquelineT.Ngai2, MelindaD.Smith5,WilliamF.Fagan6 1DauphinIslandSeaLabandDepartmentofMarineSciences,UniversityofSouthAlabama,DauphinIsland,Alabama,UnitedStatesofAmerica,2DepartmentofZoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, 3Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America, 4Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America, 5Department of Ecology and EvolutionaryBiology,YaleUniversity,NewHaven,Connecticut,UnitedStatesofAmerica,6DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofMaryland,CollegePark,Maryland,United StatesofAmerica Abstract Trophicstructure,orthedistributionofbiomassamongproducersandconsumers,determineskeyecosystemvalues,such as the abundance of infectious, harvestable or conservation target species, and the storage and cycling of carbon and nutrients.Therehasbeenmuchdebateonwhatcontrolsecosystemtrophicstructure,yettheanswerisstillelusive.Herewe show that the nutritional quality of primary producers controls the trophic structure of ecosystems. By increasing the efficiencyoftrophictransfer,higherproducernutritionalqualityresultsinsteeperecosystemtrophicstructure,andthose changes are more pronounced in terrestrial than in aquatic ecosystems probably due to the more stringent nutritional limitationofterrestrialherbivores.Theseresultsexplainwhyecosystemscomposedofhighlynutritionalprimaryproducers featurehighconsumerproductivity,fastenergyrecycling,andreducedcarbonaccumulation.Anthropogenic changesin producernutritionalquality,viachangesintrophicstructure,mayalterthevaluesandfunctionsofecosystems,andthose alterationsmaybemoreimportantinterrestrialecosystems. Citation:CebrianJ,ShurinJB,BorerET,CardinaleBJ,NgaiJT,etal.(2009)ProducerNutritionalQualityControlsEcosystemTrophicStructure