Proposal for an Ultrasonic Tool to Monitor the Osseointegration of Dental Implants 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2007, 7, 1224-1237 sensors ISSN 1424-8220 ? 2007 by MDPI /sensors Full Paper Proposal for an Ultrasonic Tool to Monitor the Osseointegration of Dental Implants Marina Storani de Almeida, Carlos Dias Maciel * and José Carlos Pereira Laboratory of Instrumentation and Microelectronics, Department of Electrical Engineering, S?o Carlos School of Engineering, University of S?o Paulo, Av. Trabalhador S?o-carlense, 400, S?o Carlos 13560-590, SP, Brazil. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel. +55-02116-3373-9350; Fax: +55-02116- 3373-9372; E-mail: maciel@sel.eesc.usp.br; http://www.sel.eesc.usp.br/lim/ Received: 22 March 2007 / Accepted: 19 June 2007 / Published: 16 July 2007 Abstract: The longevity of dental implants depends on osseointegration, which provides load-bearing capacity without putting the prosthesis at risk from micromotions at the implant-bone interface. This research involved an analysis of the viability of an ultrasonic evaluation tool to quantify osseointegration. Ultrasonic transmission is directly dependent on the difference between the acoustic impedance of materials in intimate contact with each other. The closer their acoustic impedances the more intense their transmission. Therefore, an analysis of the ultrasonic echoes would presumably allow for a quantitative evaluation of the bone tissue that has grown into the pores of the implant. In addition, the literature reports that bone fracture healing can be accelerated by the application of a controlled low-amplitude mechanical stimulus on the site of the lesion. In fact, acoustic pressure waves of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound are reportedly a secure technique for promoting mechanical stimulus without impairing the healing process. Many experimental and clinical trials have confirmed that daily transcutaneous ultrasound applications on the injured site are beneficial to the enhancement of fra