Psychophysics of a Nociceptive Test in the Mouse Ambient Temperature as a Key Factor for Variation 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Psychophysics of a Nociceptive Test in the Mouse Ambient Temperature as a Key Factor for Variation 英文参考文献.doc

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Psychophysics of a Nociceptive Test in the Mouse Ambient Temperature as a Key Factor for Variation 英文参考文献

PsychophysicsofaNociceptiveTestintheMouse: AmbientTemperatureasaKeyFactorforVariation IvannePincede′1,2,BernardPollin1,2,TheoMeert3,Le′onPlaghki4,DanielLeBars1,2* 1Team ‘‘Pain’’, INSERM UMRS 975, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France, 2Universite′ Pierre et Marie Curie, Faculte′ de Me′decine UPMC, Paris, France, 3Department of Psychology,UniversityofLeuven,Leuven,Belgium,4Unite′ READ,Universite′ CatholiquedeLouvain,Brussels,Belgium Abstract Background: The mouse is increasingly used in biomedical research, notably in behavioral neurosciences for the developmentoftestsormodelsofpain.Ourgoalwastoprovidethescientificcommunitywithanoutstandingtoolthat allowsthedeterminationofpsychophysicaldescriptorsofanociceptivereaction,whichareinaccessiblewithconventional methods:namelythetruethreshold,truelatency,conductionvelocityoftheperipheralfibersthattriggertheresponseand latencyofthecentraldecision-makingprocess. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:Basically,theproceduresinvolvedheatingofthetailwithaCO2laser,recordingoftail temperaturewithaninfraredcameraandstoppingtheheatingwhentheanimalreacted.Themethodisbasedmainlyon the measurement of three observable variables, namely the initial temperature, the heating rate and the temperature reachedattheactualmomentofthereactionfollowingrandomvariationsinnoxiousradiantheat.Theinitialtemperature of the tail, which itself depends on the ambient temperature, very markedly influenced the behavioral threshold, the behaviorallatencyandtheconductionvelocityoftheperipheralfibersbutnotthelatencyofthecentraldecision-making. Conclusions/Significance:Wehavevalidatedapsychophysicalapproachtonociceptivereactionsforthemouse,whichhas alreadybeendescribedforratsandHumans.Itenablesthedeterminationoffourvariables,whichcontributetotheoverall latencyoftheresponse.Theusefulnessofsuchanapproachwasdemonstratedbyprovidingnewfundamentalfindings regardingtheinfluenceofambienttemperatureonnociceptiveprocesses.Weconcludebychallengingthevalidityofusing as‘‘painindex’’there