Quantifying Relative Diver Effects in Underwater Visual Censuses 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Quantifying Relative Diver Effects in Underwater Visual Censuses 英文参考文献.doc

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Quantifying Relative Diver Effects in Underwater Visual Censuses 英文参考文献

QuantifyingRelativeDiverEffectsinUnderwaterVisual Censuses LukeC.Dickens1,2,ChristopherH.R.Goatley1,2,JenniferK.Tanner1,2,DavidR.Bellwood1,2 * 1AustralianResearchCouncilCentreofExcellenceforCoralReefStudies,JamesCookUniversity,Townsville,Australia,2SchoolofMarineandTropicalBiology,James CookUniversity,Townsville,Australia Abstract Diver-basedUnderwaterVisualCensuses(UVCs),particularlytransect-basedsurveys,arekeytoolsinthestudyofcoralreef fishecology.Thesetechniques,however,haveinherentproblemsthatmakeitdifficulttocollectaccuratenumericaldata. Oneoftheseproblemsisthedivereffect(definedasthereactionoffishtoadiver).Althoughwidelyrecognised,itseffects haveyettobequantifiedandtheextentoftaxonomicvariationremainstobedetermined.Wethereforeexaminedrelative divereffectsonareeffishassemblageontheGreatBarrierReef.UsingcommonUVCmethods,therecordedabundanceof sevenreeffishgroupsweresignificantlyaffectedbytheongoingpresenceofSCUBAdivers.Overall,thedivereffectresulted ina52%decreaseinthemeannumberofindividualsrecorded,withdeclinesofupto70%inindividualfamilies.Although thedivereffectappearstobeasignificantproblem,UVCsremainausefulapproachforquantifyingspatialandtemporal variation in relative fish abundances, especially if using methods that minimise the exposure of fishes to divers. Fixed distance transects using tapes or lines deployed by a second diver (or GPS-calibrated timed swims) would appear to maximisefishcountsandminimisedivereffects. Citation: Dickens LC, GoatleyCHR, TannerJK, Bellwood DR (2011) Quantifying Relative Diver Effects in Underwater Visual Censuses. PLoS ONE 6(4): e18965. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018965 Editor:RichardK.F.Unsworth,UniversityofGlamorgan,UnitedKingdom ReceivedDecember21,2010;AcceptedMarch23,2011;PublishedApril21,2011 Copyright: ? 2011 Dickens et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalautho