Relative Role of Flower Color and Scent on Pollinator Attraction Experimental Tests using F1 and F2 Hybrids of Daylily and Nightlily 英文参考文献.docVIP
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Relative Role of Flower Color and Scent on Pollinator Attraction Experimental Tests using F1 and F2 Hybrids of Daylily and Nightlily 英文参考文献
RelativeRoleofFlowerColorandScentonPollinator
Attraction:ExperimentalTestsusingF1andF2Hybrids
ofDaylilyandNightlily
ShunK.Hirota1*,KozueNitta1,YuniKim2,AyaKato2,NobumitsuKawakubo2,AkikoA.Yasumoto1,
TetsukazuYahara1
1Department ofBiology,FacultyofSciences,Kyushu University, Fukuoka,Japan, 2Department ofEnvironmentalScience,FacultyofApplied BiologicalSciences, Gifu
University,Gifu,Japan
Abstract
The daylily (Hemerocallis fulva) and nightlily (H. citrina) are typical examples of a butterfly-pollination system and a
hawkmoth-pollinationsystem,respectively.H.fulvahasdiurnal,reddishororange-coloredflowersandismainlypollinated
by diurnal swallowtail butterflies. H. citrina has nocturnal, yellowish flowers with a sweet fragrance and is pollinated by
nocturnalhawkmoths.Weevaluatedtherelativerolesofflowercolorandscentontheevolutionaryshiftfromadiurnally
floweringancestortoH.citrina.Weconductedaseriesofexperimentsthatmimicsituationsinwhichmutantsdifferingin
eitherflowercolor,floralscentorbothappearedinadiurnallyfloweringpopulation.Anexperimentalarrayof66 6potted
plants,mixedwith24plantsofH.fulvaand12plantsofeitherF1orF2hybrids,wereplacedinthefield,andvisitationsof
swallowtail butterflies and nocturnal hawkmoths were recorded with camcorders. Swallowtail butterflies preferentially
visited reddish or orange-colored flowers and hawkmoths preferentially visited yellowish flowers. Neither swallowtail
butterflies nor nocturnal hawkmoths showed significant preferences for overall scent emission. Our results suggest that
mutationsinflowercolorwouldbemorerelevanttotheadaptiveshiftfromadiurnallyfloweringancestortoH.citrinathan
thatinfloralscent.
Citation:HirotaSK,NittaK,KimY,KatoA,KawakuboN,etal.(2012)RelativeRoleofFlowerColorandScentonPollinatorAttraction:ExperimentalTestsusingF1
andF2HybridsofDaylilyandNightlily.PLoSONE7(6):e39010.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039010
Editor:JochenZeil,TheAustralianNationalUniversity,Australia
ReceivedJanuary29,2012;AcceptedMay15,2012;PublishedJune1
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