Risk Assessment of Aluminum in Drinking Water between Two Residential Areas 英文参考文献.docVIP

Water 2011, 3, 882-893; doi:10.3390/w3030882 OPEN ACCESS water ISSN 2073-4441 /journal/water Article Risk Assessment of Aluminum in Drinking Water between Two Residential Areas Mohd A. Dzulfakar 1, Mohd S. Shaharuddin 1, Abdul A. Muhaimin 3 and Aizat I. Syazwan 2,* 1 Environmental and Occupational Health Unit, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: saiupm@ (M.A.D.); freefish72@ (M.S.S.) 2 Environmental and Occupational Medicine Unit, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 3 Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mail: aiminamir@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: syazwan@.my; Tel.: +603 Fax: +603 Received: 17 May 2011; in revised form: 8 June 2011 / Accepted: 4 July 2011 / Published: 12 September 2011 Abstract: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sungai Lembing (SL) and Bukit Ubi (BU), Kuantan, Malaysia. The main objectives of this epidemiological study were to determine the aluminum concentration in drinking water, to compare with the government standard and to perform health risk assessment prediction among respondents from these two residential areas. A total of 100 respondents were selected from the study areas based on a few inclusive and exclusive criteria. Two duplicates of treated water samples were taken from each respondents house using a 200 mL high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottle and 0.4 mL (69%) pure concentrated nitric acid added as preservative. Aluminum concentrations were analyzed using Lambda 25 UV/V spectrophotometer. The result showed that the mean concentration of aluminum in drinking water from SL was 0