汽车钢板弹簧的应力和变形分析.pdfVIP

Journal of Mechanical Strength 机械 度 2005，27(5)：647 650 汽车钢板弹簧的应力和变形分析 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF A LEAF SPRING 王霄锋 涂 敏 (清华大学汽车工程系，汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室，北京100084) WANG XiaoFeng TU Min (脚口 ofAutomotive Engineering，State Key Laboratory ofAutomotive Safety and Energy Conservation，Tsinghua Unive~ity，Beijing 100084，China) 摘要 应用有限元法对一种在垂直力作用下的3片式钢板弹簧进行分析，其中应用8节点块单元对板簧进行实体 建模，采用接触分析来模拟板簧各片逐渐进入接触的情况。对钢板弹簧的中心螺栓、U型螺栓夹紧和卷耳、吊耳部分的 铰链约束进行独特的处理。应用所建立的有限元模型计算板簧的应力分布和载荷一变形曲线。对该板簧进行的实验应 力分析表明，应用该有限元模型得到的计算应力和载荷一变形特性与试验结果吻合较好。 关键词 钢板弹簧 有限元分析 接触分析 应力 变形 中图分类号 U463．334．1 TB115 Al~ raet Finite element analy~s method was used to ana1) ze a three-leaf s ng under vertical loads，in which the brick element of eight nodes Was used to model the spring leaves and the contact analysis Was introduced to simulate the process of the leaves gradually coming into contact with each other．Unique methods were applied to simulate the clamping effects of the central bolt and bolts of U—type and the roller constraints of the suspenders of the leaf spring．The finite element model constructed Was used to calculate the stress distri． bution and load-deflection characteristic of the leaf spring．The results of the experimental stress analysis shows that the stresses and load- deflection characteristic calculated with the finite element analysis model are quite close to the c9rresponding results nleasured． Key words Leaf spring；Finite element analy~s；Contact analy~；Stress；Deflection Corresponding author：WANG XiaoFeng．E-mail：wangxf60@mail．tsinghua．edu．饥，Fax：+86-10 Manuscript received 213040217，in revised form 1 引言 钢板弹簧(简称板簧)是历史最悠久、至今仍然得 到广泛应用的汽车的重要部件之一。在汽车上，板簧 主要用于在车轮与车