Selective Attention to Task-Irrelevant Emotional Distractors Is Unaffected by the Perceptual Load Associated with a Foreground Task 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Selective Attention to Task-Irrelevant Emotional Distractors Is Unaffected by the Perceptual Load Associated with a Foreground Task 英文参考文献.doc

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Selective Attention to Task-Irrelevant Emotional Distractors Is Unaffected by the Perceptual Load Associated with a Foreground Task 英文参考文献

SelectiveAttentiontoTask-IrrelevantEmotional DistractorsIsUnaffectedbythePerceptualLoad AssociatedwithaForegroundTask CatherineHindiAttar1,2,MatthiasM.Mu¨ller1* 1Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, 2Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Abstract Anumberofstudieshaveshownthatemotionallyarousingstimuliarepreferentiallyprocessedinthehumanbrain.Whether ornotthispreferencepersistsunderincreasedperceptualloadassociatedwithataskathandremainsanopenquestion. Here we manipulated two possible determinants of the attentional selection process, perceptual load associated with a foreground task and the emotional valence of concurrently presented task-irrelevant distractors. As a direct measure of sustained attentional resource allocation in early visual cortex we used steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) elicited by distinct flicker frequencies of task and distractor stimuli. Subjects either performed a detection (low load) or discrimination(highload)taskatacentrallypresentedsymbolstreamthatflickeredat8.6Hzwhiletask-irrelevantneutralor unpleasant pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) flickered at a frequency of 12Hz in the backgroundofthestream.AsreflectedintargetdetectionratesandSSVEPamplitudestobothtaskanddistractorstimuli, unpleasantrelativetoneutralbackgroundpicturesmorestronglywithdrewprocessingresourcesfromtheforegroundtask. Importantly, this finding was unaffected by the factor ‘load’ which turned out to be a weak modulator of attentional processinginhumanvisualcortex. Citation:HindiAttarC,Mu¨llerMM(2012)SelectiveAttentiontoTask-IrrelevantEmotionalDistractorsIsUnaffectedbythePerceptualLoadAssociatedwitha ForegroundTask.PLoSONE7(5):e37186.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037186 Editor:WaelEl-Deredy,UniversityofManchester,UnitedKingdom ReceivedNovember22,2011;AcceptedApril18,2012;PublishedMay23,2012 Copyright:?2012HindiAttar,Mu¨ller.Thisisanopen-accessarticl