Silica Bonded S-Sulfonic Acid A Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Quinoxalines at Room Temperature 英文参考文献.docVIP

Molecules 2009, 14, 1915-1926; doi:10.3390/moleculeOPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Communication Silica Bonded S-Sulfonic Acid: A Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Quinoxalines at Room Temperature Khodabakhsh Niknam *, Dariush Saberi and Maleki Mohagheghnejad Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169 Iran * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mails: niknam@pgu.ac.ir or khniknam@ Received: 26 March 2009; in revised form: 27 April 2009 / Accepted: 30 April 2009 / Published: 22 May 2009 Abstract: The reaction of 3-mercaptopropylsilica (MPS) and chlorosulfonic acid in chloroform afforded silica bonded S-sulfonic acid (SBSSA), which was used as a catalyst for the room temperature synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives from 1,2-diamino compounds and 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds. The catalyst could be recycled and reused several times without any loss of efficiency. Keywords: silica bonded S-sulfonic acid; quinoxalines; 1,2-diamino compounds; 1,2- dicarbonyl compounds 1. Introduction In recent years, the search for environmentally benign chemical processes or methodologies has received much attention, and the development of heterogeneous catalysts for fine chemical synthesis has become a major area of research. The potential advantages of these materials over homogeneous systems (simplified recovery and reusability, the potential for incorporation in continuous reactors and micro reactors) could lead to novel environmentally benign chemical procedures for academia and industry [1]. From this viewpoint, a catalytic reaction is a valuable process because the use of stoichiometric reagents that are often toxic poses inherent limitations regarding product purification and waste management from both economical and environmental viewpoints [2]. Application of solid acids in organi