Sun Tracking Systems A Review 英文参考文献.docVIP

Sensors 2009, 9, 3875-3890; doi:10.3390/OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Review Sun Tracking Systems: A Review Chia-Yen Lee 1, Po-Cheng Chou 2, Che-Ming Chiang 3 and Chiu-Feng Lin 4,* 1 Department of Materials Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan 912; E-Mail: leecy@.tw 2 Department of Interior Design, Shu-Te University, Kaohisung County, Taiwan 824; E-Mail: paul@.tw 3 Department of Architecture, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan 700; E-Mail: cmchiang@.tw 4 Department of Vehicle Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan 912 * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: chiufeng@.tw; Tel: +886-8-7703202-7451; Fax: +886-8-7740398 Received: 14 April 2009; in revised form: 6 May 2009 / Accepted: 15 May 2009 / Published: 20 May 2009 Abstract: The output power produced by high-concentration solar thermal and photovoltaic systems is directly related to the amount of solar energy acquired by the system, and it is therefore necessary to track the sun’s position with a high degree of accuracy. Many systems have been proposed to facilitate this task over the past 20 years. Accordingly, this paper commences by providing a high level overview of the sun tracking system field and then describes some of the more significant proposals for closed-loop and open-loop types of sun tracking systems. Keywords: solar orientation; solar position; sun sensor algorithm; sun tracking system 1. Introduction Solar energy systems have emerged as a viable source of renewable energy over the past two or three decades, and are now widely used for a variety of industrial and domestic applications. Such  Sensors 2009, 9 3876 systems are based on a solar collector, designed to collect the sun’s energy and to convert it into either electrical power or thermal energy. The literatu