Supervised clustering of genes 英文参考文献.docVIP

/2002/3/12/research/0069.1 Research Supervised clustering of genes Marcel Dettling and Peter Bühlmann Address: Seminar für Statistik, Eidgen?ssische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland. Correspondence: Marcel Dettling. E-mail: dettling@stat.math.ethz.ch Published: 25 November 2002 Received: 6 June 2002 Revised: 30 August 2002 Accepted: 2 October 2002 GenomeBiology 2002, 3(12):research0069.1–0069.15 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at /2002/3/12/research/0069 ? 2002 Dettling and Bühlmann, licensee BioMed Central Ltd (Print ISSN 1465-6906; Online ISSN 1465-6914) Abstract Background: We focus on microarray data where experiments monitor gene expression in different tissues and where each experiment is equipped with an additional response variable such as a cancer type. Although the number of measured genes is in the thousands, it is assumed that only a few marker components of gene subsets determine the type of a tissue. Here we present a new method for finding such groups of genes by directly incorporating the response variables into the grouping process, yielding a supervised clustering algorithm for genes. Results: An empirical study on eight publicly available microarray datasets shows that our algorithm identifies gene clusters with excellent predictive potential, often superior to classification with state-of-the-art methods based on single genes. Permutation tests and bootstrapping provide evidence that the output is reasonably stable and more than a noise artifact. Conclusions: In contrast to other methods such as hierarchical clustering, our algorithm identifies several gene clusters whose expression levels clearly distinguish the different tissue types. The identification of such gene clusters is potentially useful for medical diagnostics and ma