Towards a “4I” approach to personalized healthcare 英文参考文献.docVIP

PayneandMarshClinicalandTranslationalMedicine2012,1:14 /content/1/1/14 COMMENTARY OpenAccess Towardsa“4I”approachtopersonalized healthcare PhilipROPayne1*andClayBMarsh2,3 Abstract Personalizedhealthcareholdsthepromiseofensuringthateverypatientreceivesoptimalwellnesspromotionand clinicalcarebaseduponhisorheruniqueandmulti-factorialphenotype,informedbythemostup-to-dateand contextuallyrelevantscience.However,achievingthisvisionrequiresthemanagement,analysis,anddeliveryof complexdata,information,andknowledge.Whiletherearewell-establishedframeworksthatservetoinformthe pursuitofbasicscience,clinical,andtranslationalresearchinsupportoftheoperationalizationofthepersonalized healthcareparadigm,equivalentconstructsthatmayenablebiomedicalinformaticsinnovationandpracticealigned withsuchobjectivesarenoticeablysparse.Inresponsetothisgapinknowledge,weproposesuchaframeworkfor theadvancementofbiomedicalinformaticsinordertoaddressthefundamentalinformationneedsofthe personalizedhealthcaredomain.Thisframework,whichwerefertoasa“4I”approach,emphasizesthepursuitof researchandpracticethatisinformation-centric,integrative,interactive,andinnovative. Keywords:IndividualizedMedicine,Informatics,OrganizationAdministration Background fundamental approach to the delivery of healthcare will Theobjectiveofpersonalizedhealthcareistoensurethat be shifted from an emphasis on treating illness to the each patient has the best clinical outcome by tailoring earlyandcontinuouspreventionofdiseaseandthepro- bothpreventativemeasuresandtreatmentstomeettheir motion of wellness. Furthermore, under this paradigm, unique needs and characteristics. Achieving such a vi- the patient becomes an integral part of the healthcare sion requires not only the collection and application of delivery ecosystem, taking an active role in the identifi- the best possible data, information, and knowledge dur- cation and modification of disease related risk factors, ingeach patientencounter,but also, learning fromeach