Transport characteristics of guanidino compounds at the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier relevance to neural disorders 英文参考文献.docVIP
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Transport characteristics of guanidino compounds at the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier relevance to neural disorders 英文参考文献
FLUIDS AND BARRIERS
OF THE CNS
Transportcharacteristicsofguanidinocompoundsat
theblood-brainbarrierandblood-cerebrospinalfluid
barrier:relevancetoneuraldisorders
TachikawaandHosoya
TachikawaandHosoyaFluidsandBarriersoftheCNS2011,8:13
/content/8/1/13(28February2011)
TachikawaandHosoyaFluidsandBarriersoftheCNS2011,8:13
/content/8/1/13
FLUIDS AND BARRIERS
OF THE CNS
REVIEW
OpenAccess
Transportcharacteristicsofguanidinocompounds
attheblood-brainbarrierandblood-cerebrospinal
fluidbarrier:relevancetoneuraldisorders
MasanoriTachikawa,Ken-ichiHosoya*
Abstract
Guanidinocompounds(GCs),suchascreatine,phosphocreatine,guanidinoaceticacid,creatinine,methylguanidine,
guanidinosuccinicacid,g-guanidinobutyricacid,b-guanidinopropionicacid,guanidinoethanesulfonicacidanda-
guanidinoglutaricacid,arepresentinthemammalianbrain.Althoughcreatineandphosphocreatineplay
importantrolesinenergyhomeostasisinthebrain,accumulationofGCsmayinduceepilepticdischargesand
convulsions.Thisreviewfocusesonhowphysiologicallyimportantand/orneurotoxicGCsaredistributedinthe
brainunderphysiologicalandpathologicalconditions.TransportersforGCsattheblood-brainbarrier(BBB)andthe
blood-cerebrospinalfluid(CSF)barrier(BCSFB)haveemergedassubstantialcontributorstoGCsdistributioninthe
brain.Creatinetransporter(CRT/solutecarrier(SLC)6A8)expressedattheBBBregulatescreatineconcentrationin
thebrain,andrepresentsamajorpathwayforsupplyofcreatinefromthecirculatingbloodtothebrain.CRTmay
beakeyfactorfacilitatingblood-to-brainguanidinoacetatetransportinpatientsdeficientinS-adenosylmethionine:
guanidinoacetateN-methyltransferase,thecreatinebiosyntheticenzyme,resultingincerebralaccumulationof
guanidinoacetate.CRT,taurinetransporter(TauT/SLC6A6)andorganiccationtransporter(OCT3/SLC22A3)expressed
attheBCSFBareinvolvedinguanidinoaceticacidorcreatinineeffluxtransportfromCSF.Interestingly,BBBefflux
transportofGCs,includingguanidinoacetateandcreatinine,isnegligible,thoughtheBBBhasavarietyofefflux
transportsystemsforsyntheticprecursorso
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