Ultrastructure of book gill development in embryos and first instars of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus L. (Chelicerata, Xiphosura) 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Ultrastructure of book gill development in embryos and first instars of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus L. (Chelicerata, Xiphosura) 英文参考文献.doc

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Ultrastructure of book gill development in embryos and first instars of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus L. (Chelicerata, Xiphosura) 英文参考文献

FarleyFrontiersinZoology2012,9:4 /content/9/1/4 RESEARCH OpenAccess Ultrastructureofbookgilldevelopmentin embryosandfirstinstarsofthehorseshoecrab LimuluspolyphemusL.(Chelicerata,Xiphosura) RogerDFarley Abstract Background:Thetransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)isusedforthefirsttimetostudythedevelopmentof bookgillsinthehorseshoecrab.Neartheendofthenineteenthcenturythehypothesiswaspresentedfor homologyandacommonancestryforhorseshoecrabbookgillsandarachnidbooklungs.Thepresent developmentalstudyandtheauthor’srecentonesofbookgills(SEM)andscorpionbooklungs(TEM)areintended toclarifyearlyhistologicalworkandprovidenewultrastructuraldetailsforfurtherresearchandforhypotheses aboutevolutionaryhistoryandrelationships. Results:Theobservationshereinareinagreementwithearlierreportsthatthebookgilllamellaeareformedby proliferationandevaginationofepithelialcellsposteriortoopisthosomalbranchialappendages.Acartilage-like endoskeletonisproducedinthebaseoftheopisthosomalappendages.Thelamellarprecursorcellsinthe appendagebaseproliferate,migrateoutwardandsecretethelamellarcuticlefromtheirapicalsurface.Aseriesof external,posteriorly-directedlamellaeisformed,witheachlamellahavingacentralchannelforhemolymphand pillar-typespaceholdersformedfromcellsoftheopposedwalls.Thisrepeated,likepatternresultsalsoin waterchannels(withoutspaceholders)betweenthesac-likehemolymphlamellae. Conclusions:Thedevelopmentalobservationshereinandinanearlierstudy(TEM)ofscorpionbooklungsshow thatthelamellaeinbookgillsandbooklungsresultfromsomesimilaractivitiesandfeaturesoftheprecursor epithelialcells:proliferation,migration,alignmentandapical/basalpolaritywithsecretionofcuticlefromtheapical surfaceandthebasalsurfaceincontactwithhemolymph.Thesecellularsimilaritiesandtheresultingbook-like structuresuggestacommonancestry,buttherearealsosubstantialdevelopmentaldifferencesinproducingthese organsforgasexchangeinthedifferentenvironments,aqueousandterrestrial.Forscorpionbooklungs,the invaginatedprecursorcellsaligninrowsandsecr