Uncovering Viral Protein-Protein Interactions and their Role in Arenavirus Life Cycle 英文参考文献.docVIP

Viruses 2012, 4, 1651-1667; doi:10.3390/v4091651 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 /journal/viruses Review Uncovering Viral Protein-Protein Interactions and their Role in Arenavirus Life Cycle Maria Eugenia Loureiro 1, Alejandra D’Antuono 1, Jesica M. Levingston Macleod 2 and Nora López 1* 1 Centro de Virología Animal (CEVAN), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONICET), Saladillo 2468, Buenos Aires C1440FFX, Argentina. E-Mails: eugenialoureiro@.ar (M.E.L.); adantuono@ (A.D.A.) 2 Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA. E-mail: jesica.levingstonmacleod@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: nlopezcevan@.ar; Tel/Fax: +54-11-4687-8735. Received: 8 August 2012; in revised form: 4 September 2012 / Accepted: 10 September 2012 / Published: 21 September 2012 Abstract: The Arenaviridae family includes widely distributed pathogens that cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. Replication and packaging of their single-stranded RNA genome involve RNA recognition by viral proteins and a number of key protein- protein interactions. Viral RNA synthesis is directed by the virus-encoded RNA dependent-RNA polymerase (L protein) and requires viral RNA encapsidation by the Nucleoprotein. In addition to the role that the interaction between L and the Nucleoprotein may have in the replication process, polymerase activity appears to be modulated by the association between L and the small multifunctional Z protein. Z is also a structural component of the virions that plays an essential role in viral morphogenesis. Indeed, interaction of the Z protein with the Nucleoprotein is critical for genome packaging. Furthermore, current evidence suggests that binding between Z and the viral envelope glycoprotein