亲电取代反应中活性位点预测方法的比较.pdfVIP

物理化学学报(Wuli Huaxue Xuebα0) 628 Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2014, 30 (4) , 628-639 April [Article] doi: 10.3866IPKU.WHXB2014012 1l 亲电取代反应中活性位点预测方法的比较 陈飞武* 付蓉 卢天 (北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院化学与化学工程系，北京 100083) 摘要: 预测发生亲电取代反应的活性位点具有重要的理论和实际意义.目前己提出了许多基于反应物自身电 子结构的预测方法.本文选择14 个单取代苯和8 个双取代苯作为测试集，对14 种预测方法的可靠性进行了详 细的比较分析.结果表明，福井函数、平均局部离子化能等体现局部电子软度的方法特别适合含有邻对位定位 基的单取代苯和双取代苯体系，但对于含有单个间位定位基的体系，这类方法往往预测失败.基于静电效应的 预测方法整体表现明显不如体现局部软度的方法，但更适合含有单个间位定位基的体系.对所有体系预测能力 最稳健的是双描述符，因此可以作为普适性的预测方法. 关键词: 亲电取代; 分子表面; 福井函数; 双描述符; 静电势; 原子电荷; 轨道成分 中图分类号: 0641 Comparing Methods for Predicting the Reactive Site of Electrophilic Substitution FU Rong LU Tian CHEN Fei-Wu. (Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University ofScience and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China) Abstract: Predicting the reactivity of electrophilic substitution at different sites is of theoreti臼I and practical significance , and many prediction methods based on the electronic structure of reactants have been proposed. We compared the reliability of 14 prediction methods , using 14 monosubstituted and 8 disubstituted benzenes as test sets. Methods reflecting local electronic softness , such as the Fukui function and average local ionization ene咆y， are well-suited to monosubstituted benzenes with ortho-para directing groups and disubstituted benzenes. However, these methods often fail for systems containing a