脂肪栓塞综合征的影像学表现_0.docVIP

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  • 2017-05-21 发布于浙江
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脂肪栓塞综合征的影像学表现_0

脂肪栓塞综合征的影像学表现 [摘要] 目的: 分析 脂肪栓塞综合征(FES)患者的影像学表现,提高早期诊断。 方法 :回顾分析12例脂肪栓塞患者的X片、CT、MRI检查资料。结果:肺部X片示3例弥漫密度增高影,4例多发片影,1例少量胸腔积液,4例正常。CT示12例斑片状、磨玻璃、结节影,2例胸腔积液;脑部CT示2例示低密度影,6例正常;MRI示8例T2WI均为高信号。对称分布在基底节区、侧脑室旁白质、分水岭区、额叶。结论:鉴于FES患者的影像学特点,病灶显示肺部CT优于X片,脑部MRI优于CT。   [关键词] 脂肪栓塞综合征;CT;磁共振成像    The Imaging Feature of Fat Embolism Syndrome   Abtract:Objective To analyze the imaging features of the patients with fat embolism syndrome so as to improve the early diagnosis. Methods The data on Xray films、CT and MRI of the 12 patients with fat embolism syndrome were ananlyzed retrospectively.Results The chest xray films showed diffuse shadow of the pulmones in 3 cases,multiple patchy in 4 cases ,little pleural effusion in 1 case ,the left 4 casses were normal .the chest CT showed patchy groundglass opacity and nodules in 12 cases, pleural effusion in 2 cases. The cerebral CT showed hypoindensity in 2 cases, the left 6 casses were normal.The cerebral MRI showed highsignals on T2WI in 8 cases.The highsignals symmetrical located in basal ganglion,the white matter nearly lateral ventricle,watershed,frontal lobe.Conclusion According the imaging feature of the patients with fat embolism syndrome ,the chest CT is superior to the xray film in diagnosis FES,the cerebral MRI is superior to CT.   Key words: Fat embolism syndrome; CT ;Magnetic resonance imaging   脂肪栓塞综合征(Fat Embolism Syndrome,FES)是创伤骨折、骨科手术后发生的早期并发症之一,脂肪细胞破裂释放脂肪小滴进入血液后引起一系列的临床症状和体征,主要以呼吸系统、神经系统症状以及皮肤多发出血为主的临床综合病征[1]。发病急,早期症状、体征不典型,易漏诊、误诊,死亡率高。笔者就所遇12例FES患者X片、CT、MRI分析如下。   1 资料和方法   12例FES患者中,男7例,女5例,年龄25岁~47岁,平均年龄32.6岁。损伤原因:车祸伤7例,坠落伤4例,人工股骨头置换术后1例,骨盆骨折2例,股骨粗隆间骨折合并骨盆骨折2例,胫腓骨骨折4例,四肢多发骨折1例,股骨干骨折2例。根据Sevitt分类:爆发型(急性)3例,完全型(典型形、非爆发型、非亚临床型)5例,不完全型(亚临床型)3例。所有患者入院无胸部及脑部症状,在伤后和手术后5 h~72 h出现以下症状:10例出现呼吸道症状(呼吸急促困难、每分钟达40次左右、心跳加快、脉搏>110次/min),8例出现中枢神经症状(烦躁不安,头痛头晕5例,2例出现嗜睡,意识障碍,1例出现四肢抽搐),3例皮肤还出现暗红色小出血点,9例体温超过39 ,血红蛋白下降12例,10例出现低氧血症(PaO2 60 mmHg),6例尿中或支气管灌洗液中找到脂肪滴,8例血小板100×109/L。12例FES患者出现脂肪栓塞临床症状6 h~24 h以内行X线平片、CT、MRI检查,其中X片显示正常的3例患者,在CT平扫基

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