SP3精密星历标准产品第3号说明.doc

The National Geodetic Survey Standard GPS Format SP3 Paul R. Spofford National Geodetic Survey National Ocean Service, NOAA Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282, USA and Benjamin W. Remondi, PhD P.O. Box 37 Dickerson, Maryland 20842, USA INTRODUCTION Why do we need standardized orbit formats? Standard orbit formats provide many advantages, the most obvious being orbit exchange. ASCII and binary formats both satisfy this function, but ASCII does it with greater generality because binary formats are computer operating system dependent. The NGS standard GPS orbit format SP1 was introduced in Remondi (1985). After a few years of use, it was realized that enhancements would eventually be required. The orbit type, the coordinate system, and the GPS week associated with the first epoch of the ephemeris file were added in a manner that did not impact the formats and existing software. A more serious omission of the initial NGS orbit format was the satellite clock corrections. This omission reflected an earlier belief that all geodetic applications could be accomplished in differential mode. Today we realize that standard formats serve a wider community and include those who find it inconvenient to operate in a differential mode. A user can operate in single-receiver or navigation mode based on the broadcast message. However, the user can get more accurate (post-processed) results if the precise orbital data and the associated satellite clock corrections, which were determined simultaneously with those precise orbits, are available. This becomes even more valuable when the broadcast orbit and clock information are intentionally degraded. Thus, a new NGS orbit format was proposed in Remondi (1989), and modified and adopted in Remondi (1991). This format is similar to the original NGS orbit