影响女子运动能力发展的社会学因素——以历届奥运会为例.pdfVIP

2012 年6 月 山东体育科技 第 34 卷第 3 期 Vo l. 34 No.3 Shandong Sports Science Technology June 2012 影晌女子运动能力发展的社会学因素 一一以历届奥运会为例 祖晶 (淮阴师范学院体育学院，江苏淮安 223300) 摘 要:以历届奥运会田径项目男女 100 米、400 米、马拉松、跳远，以及游泳项目 1∞米 自由泳和400 米自由泳共6 个体能类力量型项目为研究对象，利用 MATLAB 数学软件， 将男女前3 名的平均成绩差值建立趋势拟合曲线模型，以此揭示女子运动能力的发展规 律。研究表明，男女各项目前3 名最好平均成绩的差距在不断缩小，女子成绩逐渐接近男 子水平。从社会学的角度来看，决定女子运动能力的发展水平虽然受身体结构等诸多因 素的影响，但更多地受对女性抱有的传统文化、制度、价值观等偏见的影响。 关键词:女子;运动能力;奥运会;女性观 中圈分类号:G80 -05 文献标识码:A 文章蝙号:1009 -9840(2012)03 -0065 -05 Sociological factors a tTecting womens athletic ability 一一-A Case Study of the Olympic Games ZU Jing (School 01 PE , Huaiyin Normal Universi妙， HIωian 223300 ,Jiangsu , China) Abstract: The paper selected the mens and womens 100 m , 400 m , marathon , long jump , 100 meters freestyle and 400 meters freestyle in the Olympic Games as study objects. With the help of the mathematical software MATLAB , fitting a curve about the gap differences between the top three men and women average scores in the events , to reveal the development of womens potential athletic ability. Results: For men and women 100 meters , 400 meters , Iong jump and marathon , the gap differences between the top three men and women average scores in the events are shrinking; for 100 meters freestyle and 4∞ meters freestyle , the gaps are decreasing and the average of top three women scores is close to men s. Womens athletic ability not only depends on the development level of their body structure , but