第六章植物抗病基因工程的研究进展√.pptVIP

1) 病程相关蛋白(PR蛋白)基因 B. 其他PR蛋白基因的应用 PR la 蛋白 烟草----高抗烟草黑胫病和霜霉病 ? Tobacco ---- high resistance to Phytophthora AP1蛋白 水稻----抗白叶枯病菌6号小种 Rice, anti-bacterial blight on the 6th race TLP 蛋白 水稻----抗纹枯病 Rice, resistant to blight disease 2) 植物保卫素基因的应用application of plant defense gene 植物保卫素是植物产生的对一些不同种类病原菌具有毒性的物质，植保素的产生与积累是植物体内主要的防御反应之一。至今已从不同科属植物中鉴定了200多种植保素，现已将葡萄中的两个stilbene合成酶基因导入烟草获得了对灰霉病的抗性。 Plants defend the substance of some of the elements are different kinds of pathogens toxic plants produced phytoalexins generation and accumulation in plants is one of the main defense reaction. Far from different families and genera identified more than 200 kinds of plants phytoalexins, has two grape stilbene synthase gene into tobacco acquired disease resistance. 3) 溶菌酶基因的应用 Applications lysozyme gene 许多植物中的溶菌酶对病原细菌表现出很强的裂解活性，把外源溶菌酶基因导入植物可获得对细菌病害的抗性，现已获得转T4溶菌酶基因的马铃薯植株。 Many plant pathogenic bacteria in lysozyme showed strong lytic activity, the exogenous lysozyme gene into a plant available for bacterial disease resistance, potato plants have now been transferred T4 lysozyme gene. 4) 病原菌毒素降解酶基因的应用  Pathogen toxin gene degrading application 现已从烟草野火病细菌、菜豆晕斑病菌中克隆了降解相应毒素tabtoxin和Phaseo-lotoxin的基因ttr和argk，并导入烟草获得成功。目前，正试图把argk基因导入菜豆以获得抗晕斑病植株。 Now from tobacco wildfire disease bacteria, bean coronatines cloned bacteria degrade toxins tabtoxin and corresponding genes Phaseo-lotoxin ttr and argk, and import tobacco successful. At present, we are trying to put argk kidney bean gene to obtain anti-blooming plants blotch. 5) harpins蛋白基因的应用 目前已鉴定出两种harpins，即harpin Ea和harpin Pss，现已构建了harpin Ea基因并导入马铃薯获得了抗晚疫病植株。 Has identified two kinds harpins, namely harpin Ea and harpin Pss, harpin Ea gene has been constructed and introduced into potato late blight resistant plants were obtained. 6) 抗病基因的过量表达 番茄抗病基因Pto本来特异性地识别假单胞菌无毒基因avrpto,最终使植物表现专化抗性。 但最近研究发现，Pto基因在番茄植株中的过量表达能导致植株局部细胞死亡(伴随荧光物质在栅栏细胞的出现)、水杨酸积累等抗性防卫反应，从而增强了植株的广谱抗性。 Resistance gene overexpressionTomato resistance gene