案例 地盘的边沿收益递减与城市化(国外英文资料).docVIP

案例 土地的边际收益递减与城市化(国外英文资料) Diminishing marginal returns and urbanization of land ? Our country is one of the most stressed countries in the world. The number of farmers, and the low output of agriculture, is the root cause of poverty in our country. After the reform and opening up, on the one hand, as the population increase land law of diminishing marginal returns still works, on the other hand the development of economic construction to make arable land decrease, and limited land employment pressure increased. ? In the 80 s, the transfer of surplus agricultural labor force mainly by the development of township enterprises as the carrier, take the encouraged from the soil, into the factory not to internal transfer way in situ. According to statistics, between 1978 and 1992, the township enterprises absorbed more than 75 million rural labor. However, since the 1990s, the ability of township enterprises to absorb surplus labor has declined significantly. ? With limited employment potential in rural areas, the surplus labor force will inevitably leave the land. Migrant workers have been moving to cities since the 1990s, and some estimate that the transfer of agricultural surplus labor will not be completed until 2050. By 2011, the proportion of urban residents was 51.27 percent. Today, 48.73 percent are still living in the countryside. The urbanization rate in western developed countries is typically 70 to 80 percent, so in the coming decades China still has hundreds of millions of people to move into the city. And urbanization has huge economic benefits, and it doesnt require much space and traditional inputs. Therefore, speeding up the process of urbanization is an inevitable choice. Question: 1. What is the law of diminishing marginal returns? The necessity of accelerating the process of urbanization in China is explained by the law of diminishing marginal returns. Case analysis The law of population theory of malthusian and diminishing marginal returns One of the