肋膜和纵膈(国外英文资料).docVIP

胸膜和纵膈(国外英文资料) Pleura is a thin layer of serous membrane that divides into the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura. The visceral pleura is covered by the surface of the lung, which binds closely to the lungs and cannot be separated into the fissure between the lobes. The parietal pleura is attached to the inner surface of the thoracic wall, the diaphragm and the mediastinal surface. Visceral pleura migration with wall at the root of the lung pleura, visceral pleura and the wall between the pleura is a closed serous cystic cavity gap, namely the pleural cavity pleural cavity, because around two capsule is independent of size, so the pleural cavity around without feeling. The pressure in the pleural cavity, which is always lower than the atmosphere when inhaling or exhaling, is called negative pressure. There is only a small amount of serum in the pleural cavity, which reduces the friction of breathing. Because of the negative pressure in the pleural cavity, the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura are attached to each other, so the pleura cavity is actually two potential lumens. Pleura: in the thorax, the costal pleura: the serous membrane on the surface of the rib; The pleural membrane of the lung, covering the surface of the lung; Diaphragmatic pleura and pericardial pleura: the serous membrane that is lying outside the diaphragm and the pericardium. Further observation of mediastinal pleura: mediastinal pleura is between thoracic and sternum serous, left and right have a layer of mediastinal pleura, mediastinal pleura and two layer sandwiched between two layers of organs and connective tissue form the mediastinum, separates the left and right pleural cavity. The artery, the esophagus, the trachea and the heart. Consider the difference between the pleura and the thoracic cavity and observe the characteristics of the animal mediastinum. Thorax: it is enclosed by the thoracic and diaphragmatic, upper bound to the upper thoracic, and to the neck, the lower boun