工程测量学课件10-9建(构)筑物主体倾斜和挠度测量(国外英文资料).docVIP

工程测量学课件10-9建(构)筑物主体倾斜和挠度测量(国外英文资料) 10.9 buildings Or the bottom of the layers of upper relative to the lower horizontal displacement and the elevation difference between  overall are calculated respectively Or the gradient of the layer, the tilted direction and the inclination velocity. The layers of the tilt of the differences between the structure of the deflection  is pure deformation of the building. P0 P1 The P2 P3 P4 P5 10.9 buildings   building material body tilt and deflection measurement was suggested   structures tilt measuring point layout (group a) Observation point H. Test site Orientation points S acuity 1.5 2.0 H  each building should be arranged in the two groups more than 10.9 buildings   building main body tilt and deflection measurement observation point on the roof and wall sign  embedment framing index can be used Type. Have special requirements  should be specially designed. The tower of the inconvenienced signs, Circular buildings and vertical component can  sighting view with high cutting edges of a 臵 Or use a 臵 as observation point of high Angle control. Located in the ground test site and orientation points An observation pier or concrete monument with a mandatory pair of equipment. For one-off tilt measuring project  observation point mark or the form of tags can be used By use of meet the requirements of the 臵 and sighting building feature parts A monument or a temporary mark. 10.9 buildings   building material body tilt and deflection measurement a theodolite observation method when the building or external oblique observation  use theodolite can be obtained High precision of measurement. The principle is to use theodolite to measure the top and bottom of the building on a horizontal surface Offset  the offset value divided by the top point and bottom elevation difference for a quick tilt of the building. figure The 10-55 transit observation method measures the tilt of the building At the top of the observation point