机械设计力学基础..ppt

第一章 机械设计力学  基础知识 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1.1 载荷和应力 1.1.1 机械零部件的工作能力 工作能力 需求 强度、刚度 耐磨性 振动稳定性 …… 以传动为主的零件一般要求有一定的强度和刚度，即在工作负荷下不发生破坏和过大的变形；具有相对运动并传力的零件需要有较好的耐磨性；而高速转动的零件则要具有较高的振动稳定性。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1.1.2 机械零件的强度 强度反映机械零件承受载荷时抵抗破坏的能力 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1.1.3 载荷 计算载荷=K*名义载荷 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1.1.4 应力 P113 r=-1 r=0 -1r1 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 4.标准试件的疲劳极限和疲劳曲线 P114 有限寿命疲劳极限 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 5.零件的疲劳极限 P115 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 6.许用应力及（许用)安全系数 安全系数的采取原则：在保证安全的可靠的前提下，尽可能选择较小的安全系数 许用应力：计算应力允许达到的最大值。在实现条件下找出极限应力值，在现场情况下，考虑各方面的影响，加一个安全系数。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 7.整体强度和表面强度 零件受载时在本体内产生应力为整体强度问题，整体强度的形式有拉伸、压缩、弯曲、扭转、剪切 零件受载时，在传力的接触表面上产生应力，引起表面强度问题。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 8.接触强度 接触应力：是在两个零件通过点接触或线接触传递载荷时，在接触部位产生弹性变形，同时产生的很大的应力。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Clien