治疗鼻炎中药复方制剂的抗过敏作用.docVIP

治疗鼻炎中药复方制剂的抗过敏作用 作者：夏玉凤，戴岳，毕培曦， 陈耀邦 【摘要】 　　目的观察4种 治疗 鼻炎的中药复方制剂对速发型过敏反应的影响，分析其中的有效中药。方法抗原攻击前1 h，给小鼠口服受试药物, 观察其对异种被动皮肤过敏反应的作用；体外实验中, 将药物与大鼠腹腔肥大细胞共同温孵, 观察其对compound 48/80诱导组胺释放的影响。结果速效鼻敏感丸、林金生鼻敏清胶囊及和春堂鼻敏清片明显抑制小鼠异种被动皮肤过敏反应, 减少compound 48/80诱导的组胺释放, 而速效鼻敏素胶囊对被动皮肤过敏反应无明显影响；速效鼻敏感丸及和春堂鼻敏清片主要组成药物九里明、卷柏和苍耳子显著抑制小鼠异种被动皮肤过敏反应, 而白芷、辛夷和决明子无明显作用。结论 速效鼻敏感丸、和春堂鼻敏清片及林金生鼻敏清胶囊具有抗过敏活性, 九里明和卷柏可能为速效鼻敏感丸及和春堂鼻敏清片的有效组分, 苍耳子亦可能为速效鼻敏感丸的有效组份之一。 【关键词】 鼻炎 被动皮肤过敏反应 肥大细胞 组胺 　　AbstractObjectiveTo observe the antiallergic properties of four herbal products used for the treatment of rhinitis, and explore the effective ingredients.MethodsTest samples were orally administered 1 h before the challenge of antigen, the effects on heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in mice were observed. In vitro, test samples were incubated with rat peritoneal mast cells before activation of compound 48/80, the inhibitory effects on histamine release were studied.ResultsPe Min Kam Wan, Lam Kam Sang Nasalin and Wo Chun Tong clearly inhibited PCA in mice and reduced histamine release from rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80. But，Sinuwell did not affect the PCA. In addition, the ethanol extracts from Senecio scandens, Selaginella tamariscina and Xanthium sibiricum significantly inhibited PCA in mice, but the extracts from Angelica dahurica, Magnolia liliflora and Cassia tora failed to affect it. Conclusion Pe Min Kam Wan, Lam Kam Sang Nasalin and Wo Chun Tong possess antiallergic activities. Senecio scandens and Selaginella may be the effective ingredients of Wo Chun Tong and Pe Min Kam Wan, and Xanthium sibiricum may also be one of the effective ingredients of Pe Min Kam Wan. 　　Key wordsRhinitis; Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis; Mast cell; Histamine 　　鼻炎是一种常见病、多发病, 在 中国 香港约30%的儿童有鼻炎的症状(如喷嚏、鼻塞和鼻充血)。鼻炎按病因可分为过敏型和非过敏型两大类, 其中以前者较为常见。目前对鼻炎尚缺乏特异性的治疗药物，临床常采用抗过敏药物、抗感染药物及充血抑制剂等缓解症状。 　　在中国香港市售的治疗鼻炎中药制剂有近10种, 绝大多数来自经验方,缺乏药 理学 实验的有效论证和支持。本文选择较为常用的4种复方制剂，观察其对速发型过敏反应的影响,探讨其有效组成药物。 　　 1 材料与方法 　　1.1 动物 　　雄性ICR小鼠, 体重1