社区开发与移民过程.PDF

20015 ———对昌五社区的考察 张　汝　立 　　Abstract:By the research to the process of development and immigration in Changwu community, the author reveals the forming mechanism of the mixed immigration community in northeast inland rural area in China.The special perspective research to the name of the natural village is applied to this study.It is found that “the nameof the natural village”, as the record of thehistory of the immigration community,not only reflects the location structur- al situation of the community,butalso shows profound economic and cultural meaning.In addit- ion,adopting themethod of comparative analysis, the author compares the process of community development and immigration in northwest inland rural area with those of west of the United States at the same period,fromwhich we could see that there areobvious differences in the as- pects of immigration motivation, quality of the immigrants, institution model and the changing rate from peasants to urban citizen.It is this kind of difference that enlarges the gap between the two types of communities. 、　　 , “”(avenstein)、“” (Evere S.Lee)、“”(·, 1989)、“—”(T.W., 1990)、 “”(, 1994),, , ,。 , , , 。, :, , “” 。,, 19 , ,, , , ,。 (, 1994;, 1990)。, ,。 77 , 33 , 90 ,139 ,4.2 (1998 )。 ,。 、“” 1.———“” 1861,、、、 。、、 , “”。, , 1907 3.1 。 , , ;, 。《》19 :“, ,,,,。。, ……。……”(, 1983)。20 ,“”, 。,, , , “”、“” ,。5 , 。, , ,5 , ……, , ,,、, , , ,, …… ,, , 。 1901“”(),, , 1912 , 75113 ;1914 133316 , 1174 , 19685 , 2 ,147.66%, 16.77 。1929 155753, 5183 (, 1985)。 , 。, 1932 19.9 , 193715.8 , 1939 19.3 , 1944 15 。 。, 、, ,。193