电子烟与尼古丁到底有没有健康隐患.docxVIP

电子烟与尼古丁到底有没有健康隐患Zeller is the director of the Center for Tobacco Products, a division of the Food and Drug Administration created in 2009 when Congress passed legislation giving the F.D.A. regulatory authority — at long last! — over cigarettes. In addition, the center will soon have regulatory authority over other tobacco products, including electronic cigarettes, which have become enormously controversial even as they have gained in use. Through something called a “deeming rule, ” the center is in the process of asserting that oversight over e-cigarettes.泽勒是烟草制品中心(Center for Tobacco Products)主任，这个食品与药品管理局（Food and Drug Administration，简称FDA）下属机构，是国会2009年——终于！——立法授予FDA香烟管制权后成立的。除了香烟，中心不久还会获得其他烟草产品的管制权，包括使用量在增加但争议极大的电子烟。通过一个叫做“推定规则”的条款，烟草中心即将得到监管电子烟的权力。Opponents of electronic cigarettes, which include many public health officials, hope that the center will treat these new devices like it treats cigarettes: taking steps to discourage teenagers from “vaping, ” for instance, and placing strict limits on the industry’s ability to market its products.包括许多公共卫生官员在内的电子烟反对者希望烟草中心能把这些新型烟具当成普通香烟一样处理：比如着手抑制电子烟在青少年中的流行，对该产业的产品营销能力进行严格限制。Proponents, meanwhile, hope that the center will view e-cigarettes as a “reduced harm” product that can save lives by offering a nicotine fix without the carcinogens that are ingested through a lit cigarette. In this scenario, e-cigarette manufacturers would be able to make health claims, and adult smokers might even be encouraged to switch from smoking to vaping as part of a reduced harm strategy.与此同时，支持者则希望中心把电子烟当做一种“减害”产品，它能让人过尼古丁瘾，但又不会产生燃烧的香烟会有的致癌物。照这个说法，电子烟生产商就可以声称它们的产品有益健康，甚至将之纳入整体的减害策略，提倡成年烟民从吸烟转向吸电子烟。When I requested an interview with Zeller, I didn’t expect him to tip his hat on which direction he wanted the center to go, and he didn’t. Indeed, one of the points he made was that the F.D.A. was conducting a great deal of scientific research — more than 50 studies in all, he said — aimed at generating the evidence needed to better understand