第10讲 动词不定式课件.ppt

动词不定式;不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。;结构 : to do (否定) not/never to do ;(1).They pretended not to see us.;1. 作主语;动词不定式;三. 用法/ 功能;I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. I found it necessary to talk to him again.;The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help. ;e.g. I made him do his work.;3 不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to.;I have something to say. He has a lot of homework to do . He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about.;不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。;2. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。;4. something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。;I came here to see you. He got up early to catch the train.;(7).独立结构;(8)不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。;关于不定式中的小品词to ;动词不定式的时态;㈡.进行式( to be doing);动词不定式的时态;动词不定式的语态;动词不定式的语态;注意;注意;注意;1. —The light in the office is still on. ---Oh, I forgot . A. turning it off B. turn it off C.having turned it off D. to turn it off 2. She can’t help _____the house because she’s busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. Cleaned D. being c leaned ; 3. Not everybody has the ability in public. A. of speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak 4. Mary is always the first student to answer the teacher’s questions in class. A. rising B. to rise C. rose D. risen ;5.— Mum ,why do you always ask me to eat an egg every day? ---_____ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be ge