Unit11-3语法主谓一致.pptVIP

* “一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致。 “主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如are, were, have等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is, was, has, works等。 在具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则: 语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 意义一致的原则 （一）谓语动词为单数的情况 1. 由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那个工人兼作家…) (比较：The worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家) Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. 2. Every … and (every)…, each …and (each… , no …and (no)… , many a …and (many a)…连接两个单数名词作主语。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. 3. one/every one /each/either/ the number+of +复数名词作主语。 Each of the students has a book. 4. clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 5. 以s 结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语。 6. 表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。 Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 7. 由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等所构成的不定代词作主语。 8. 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。 Collecting stamps is what he likes. Whatever was left was taken away. 9. 单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。 （二）谓语动词为复数的情况 1. 由and 连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。 Both bread and butter are sold out. 2. people , police, cattle 等有生命的集体名词作主语。 The police are looking for the missing child. 3. goods, stairs, arms 等名词作主语。 4. 由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 5. a number of /quantities of /a group of +名词作主语。 1. 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。 His family is a great one. His family are music lovers. 2. means, works, pains等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。 The steel works is near the station. Two new steel works are （三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定 3. “kind, sort, pair, type +名词” 作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。 4. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good