英语段落写作.pptVIP

英语段落写作 段落的组成部分 段落是由表达单一中心思想的一组句子构成的。 1.主题句（topic sentence） 主题句是表达段落主题的句子。它用以概括段落大意，要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开。 1.1 主题句的位置 主题句通常放在段落的开端，其特点是开门见山地摆出问题，然后加以详细说明。其作用是使文章的结构更清晰，更具说服力，便于读者迅速地把握主题和想象全段的内容。主题句可以放在段中起到承上启下的作用，或放在段尾起概括全段的作用。但初学者比较难于掌握，因而在考试中，考生应尽量采用将主题句放在段落开头的写作手法。 1.2写好主题句的方法： 　1) 主题句要概括一定内容，不要空泛，否则扩展句将难以说明和支持它，例如： 　空泛：English language is very important. 　概括：English language is very important in our daily life. 　空泛：The Olympic Games are exciting. 　概括：In the Olympic Games the football match is very exciting. 2)尽量使用简单句或简洁明了的句子： 　复杂: She likes collecting stamps which is her hobby. 简洁：Collecting stamps is her hobby. 复杂：Gone with the wind was a good film which I enjoyed watching very much. 简洁: I enjoyed watching … very much. 3)主题句应该做到句子完整和表达的主题思想完整： 　不完整：How to write a composition. 　完整： How to write a composition is not an easy thing to talk about. 　不完整：If the weather was fine. 　完整：If it was fine, we would have had a good time. 2．扩展句 （ supporting sentences ） 是围绕主题句展开，支持、说明和阐述主题句的句子。 2.1 主要扩展句  围绕主题句展开的每一个扩展句本身都不要求作进一步的说明或证明，句子之间的关系既相互独立又互相连接。  例1：(主题句) There are several factors affecting climate. (扩展句1)One factor is the mount of sunlight received. (扩展句2)Altitude also determines climate. (扩展句3)The oceans have an effect on the climate of adjacent land. (扩展句4)In addition, climate is influenced by the general circulation of the atmosphere. 主题句指出影响气候的几个因素。然后用四个扩展句说明四种因素。第一种是太阳光的接收量，第二种是海拔高度，第三句和第四句分别是海洋和大气环环流因素。 2.2 写好推展句的方法 　 有一种常用的方法就是句子展开前加以设问，然后解答，即设问－解答(why-because)的方法。例3 ：  假设主题句: English is an international language? 设问：Why can we say English is an international language?　 解答(because)　 Because: English is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world.　 Because: Over 70 percent of the worlds mail is written in English.　 Because: More than 60 percent of the worlds