演示文稿第3课.pptVIP

剡宏 Eleanor 语法 基本句型 句子的 主要成分是主语和谓语。构成主语的有名词或相当于名词作用的其他词、词组或从句。谓语的结构比较复杂，有时可以由谓语动词独立担任谓语，有时谓语动词需要带宾语或表语，有时的 谓语动词可带两个宾语或宾语后再加补足语等。谓语动词类别的不同决定着谓语结构的不同，而不同的谓语结构又决定着不同的句型。 所谓基本句型（basic sentence pattern)就是几种基本的谓语的结构的 格局；千变万化的句型都是有由它们演变而来的。英语的 基本句型有五种，即： 1.主－系－表 2.主－动 3.主－动－宾 4.主－动－宾－宾 5.主－动－宾－宾补 现分述如下： 一 、主－系－表（SVC) 此句型结构中的谓语动词是系动词，后接表语，也称为补语。常用的系词除了be, become,look,seem,appear,get,feel外，还有grow, turn, remain,come,fall,hold,keep,stand, stay,smell, sound, taste 例如：The motor is out order. Her mother has fallen ill. The weather is getting quite warm. The roses smell sweet. Silk feels soft and smooth. The plan sounds perfect. * * 二、主－动（SV) 此句型中的谓语动词是不及物动词，常带有状语。例如： The fruit store has closed. They have been singing and dancing for two hours. The plane will take off soon. They will fly to London. 三、主－动－宾（SVO) 此句型中的谓语动词是及物动词，后接宾语。例如： The machine is drilling a hole. The teacher corrected her poor pronunciation more than once. Storytelling has many strengths in improving oral English skills. 四、主－动－宾－宾（SVOO) 此句型中的谓语动词是带双宾语的及物动词。两个宾语中的前一个为间界宾语，后一个为直接宾语。这类谓语动词除常见的give,,bring, tell, send, leave, pass, read, write, take, show, teach, get等，还有award ,lend ,rent ,buy, pay ,hand ,recommend etc. 例如： The new way saved us much time. Could you do me a favor please? I paid the repairman fifty dollars. He ordered himself a soft drink. Mr. Smith lent me his car. I found him a new textbook. Can you spare me a few minutes of your valuable time? The president awarded him the first prize. 五、主－动－宾－补（SVOC) 此句型中的谓语动词是可以带复合宾语的及物动词，也就是说，这些动词除了有一个直接宾语外，还要加上宾语补足语，句子的意义才能完整。宾语补足语由名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词、或介词短语充当。在宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语中，宾语与的补足语之间存在着逻辑上（即意义上）的主谓关系。 这样的及物动词有相当的数量，例如：appoint, believe, call, catch, elect ,leave discover make need prefer prove see warm 例如： They appointed Mr. White Minister of Foreign Affairs. 他们任命怀特先生为外交部长。 The board of directors elected Charles president of the university.董事会推选查尔斯为这所大学校长。 I found her rather difficult to work with. 我发现很