低密度高比表面积SiO2气凝胶的常压制备.pdfVIP

ABSTRACT Silica aerogels are light mesoporous materials with low density, high sueface aera, high porosity and low thermal conductivity whose structure could be controlled. These properities make silica aerogels be widely used in themal insulation, acoustic impedance coupling, water treatment as well as catalyst and catalyst carrier. Aerogels made by traditional method have many water absorption groups. These groups make it easy to burst in the air which affects its performance greatly. Also it will greatly improves the cost of silica aerogels by supercritical drying which is bad for its large-scale production. In this paper, using tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS) as precursor as well as hexmethyldisilazane(HMDZ) as a suface modifying agent, silica aerogels were synthesized by the two-step sol-gel method and ambient pressure drying which solve the problem that the silica aerogels are easy to broken in the air as well as reduce the cost of silica aerogels.At the same time, this paper discussed the silica aerogels ’ mixing with other materials. In the sol-gel process, the orthogonal experiment was designed by using four factors and three levels to research the influence on performance by different factors, as well as the optimal proportion was confirmed from the experiment, Viz. the molar ratio of TEOS and H O is 1:4, the molar ratio of TEOS and EtOH is 1:6. In the best condition, 2 nano Ag and nano Au were mixed in the wet gel to enhance the strength of silica aerogels.As well as silica was mixed in the cellular materials to keep the same heatshielding performance and reduce the cost. The FI-IR, SEM, TEM, BET absorption, XRD and DTA-TG