中国地方文化英语导读.pptVIP

Highlights of Chinese Civilization and Local Culture 中国地方文化英语导读 School of Foreign Languages Suzhou University 第七章 哲学思想（Philosophy） 1、教学内容 主要了解儒家、道家及佛教等主要哲学思想及其对世界文明的影响。 讲授内容： (1). 中国儒家思想的发展、主要内容及代表著作 (2). 中国道教思想的发展、主要内容及代表著作 (3). 佛教在中国的传播、影响及其基本教义 (4). 伊斯兰教和基督教在中国的发展和传播 2、教学要点 重点掌握儒家、道家及佛教等重要哲学思想及其对世界文明的影响。通过观看视频和阅读，参观苏州文庙、西园寺等建筑，讨论国学在现代文明发展中仍然具有强大功能的理由，思考并探讨儒家思想及佛教对中国社会发展的深远意义。 Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy comes from the Greek philosophia, which literally translates to “love of wisdom. A synonym of philosophy is the Greek philalethia, which translates as “love of truth.” Main Theories of the Western Philosophy Realism and nominalism Rationalism and empiricism Skepticism Idealism Pragmatism Phenomenology Existentialism Structuralism and post-structuralism The analytic tradition Moral and political philosophy (Human nature and political legitimacy / consequentialism, deontology, and the aretaic turn) Chinese Philosophy It has a history of several thousand years; its origins are often traced back to the Yi Jing (the Book of Changes), an ancient compendium of divination, which uses a system of 64 hexagrams to guide action. This system is attributed to King Wen of Zhou and the work reflects the characteristic concepts and approaches of Chinese philosophy. The Book of Changes evolved in stages over the next eight centuries, but the first recorded reference is in 672 BC. The Tao Te Ching of Lao Tzu (Lǎo zǐ) and the Analects of Confucius both appeared around the 6th century BC, slightly ahead of early Buddhist philosophy in Northern India and pre-Socratic philosophy in Ancient Greece. Three streams of philosophical thought Confucianism Taoism Buddhism Confucianism human relationships Taoism the life in harmony with the nature Buddhism the immortal world Five main religions practiced in China Bu