定语从句考点难点.docVIP

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中修饰名词或代词被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出 2）定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，“……的”。名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语、从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 A naughty boy (adj) 前置定语A pencil box (n) 前置定语My name (pron) 前置定语People here (adv) 后置定语 A girl in red (介词短语) 后置定语 This is the color that I like. (句子) 后置定语 2 先行词与关系词 关系词常有个作用：　①连接作用，引导定语从句。 　　②代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分。 关系代词Who/ that Who/whom/that (可省略) whose 指物 Which/that Which/ that （可省略） whose The tall man who /that is playing the basketball is Yao Ming. (主语） He is the boy (who/whom/that) I met yesterday. (宾语) I bought the book which/that is on the desk. (主语） This is the book (which/that) I like. (宾语） He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (定语) I live in a house whose windows face south. (定语) = I live in a house the windows of which face south. **Eg: Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 关系副词在从句中作地点状语（where）时间状语（when），原因状语（why）。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. （地点状语） I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (时间状语) I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today. （原因状语，） 关系副词=介词+关系代词 　　 why=for which 　　where=in/ at/ on …which（介词同先行词搭配） 　　 when=during/ on/ in/…… which（介词同先行词搭配） The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. （地点状语） =The house in which I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (时间状语) = I still remember the day on which I first came to the school. I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today. （原因状语，） = I don’t know the reason for which he looks unhappy today. 3 关系代词和关系副词的选用： 根据先行词在定语从句中充当的成分确定：当主语，宾语，定语用关系代词，当状语则用关系副词。（把先行词放在定语从句中，能组成完整的句子，就用关系代词，如需加介词则用关系副词） This is the factory where I work. This is the factory (that/ which) I visited the other day. 4 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句： 区别1） 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思