2.鼻音计说明.pdfVIP

The MacKay-Kummer SNAP Test- R Simplified Nasometric Assessment Procedures Revised 2005 Ann W. Kummer, PhD, CCC-SLP The MacKay-Kummer SNAP Test was developed in 1994 to improve the diagnostic value of nasometry and to make administration easier with children and non-compliant patients. In 2005, the SNAP Test was updated to improve the ease of scoring, and it was re-normed using the Nasometer II. Specific Advantages of the MacKay-Kummer SNAP Test The specific advantages of the SNAP Test over other normed passages are as follows: • Can be used effectively with young children or individuals with minimal compliance • Does not require literacy • Contains passages that are semantically, pragmatically, and lexically simple • Can be used with individuals who demonstrate articulation/phonological errors • Is fast and easy to administer • Has pictures for cueing children • Allows the examiner to isolate certain phonemes for better diagnostic value Description of the SNAP Test The SNAP Test includes the following three subtests: 1. The Syllable Repetition/Prolonged Sounds Subtest includes 14 consonant- vowel (CV) syllables of pressure-sensitive consonants combined with either a low vowel (/a/) or a high vowel (/i/). In addition, there are two prolonged vowels and two prolonged consonants. The Syllable Repetition/Prolonged Sounds Subtest provides phonetic specificity for in-depth analysis. 2. The Picture-Cued Subtest contains passages that are essentially phonetically homogeneous. For each passage, a carrier phrase is used with pictures to form complete sentences. Each passage has three pictures, to elicit three sentences. Each sentence is said twice, making 6 sentences per passage. In this subtest, there is a passage that focu