木本植物的功在城市绿化景观1.pptVIP

Chapter 2 Function of woody landscape plants in urban greening ( 3 hours) Two parts: 1 Environment protection 2 Greening and beautifying environment ; ???? Environmental protection function of woody landscape plants Improving environment(改善环境作用) Adjusting temperature(调节温度) Increasing relative humid (提高湿度) Air purification （吸收二氧化碳、放出氧气；吸收有毒气体阻滞烟尘；排放杀菌素） Light Noise prevention Protecting environment （保护环境作用) Water-reserving, water and soil conservation (涵养水源、保持水土) wind prevention and sand fixation (防风固沙) Fire and disaster prevention (防火、抗灾);Characteristics of urban environment ? Light： the radiant intensity of light in urban and visibility is low because of a great of dust。 Temperature：a great of heat coming from factories, power stations and cars makes air temperature high. Moisture：Relative humid in urban environment is low because the water drain away from the drainage system ,although a great of Cloud Condensation Nuclei and heavy precipitation exist in urban area. Air：air pollution heavy, O2 low，CO2 high。 Noise pollution：heavy;The effect on adjusting temperature 调节温度 ; The bigger difference of temperature between canopy and atmosphere (?T) will be, the better effect of shading will be. The shading effect is proportional to shading quality and range. The shading quality means crown density, leaves area and opaque.[遮荫效果与树种“荫质”即树冠密、叶面大而不透明的荫质优）优劣、荫幅大小成正比] The reasons of tree decrease temperature: reflect 20-25% of sunlight; absorb 30% of sunlight ; some of heat is absorbed by water transpiration The decreased temperature is different between single tree and patch forest. Patch forest low the temperature not only under the tree, but also the temperature outside.; Warming effect In winter, trees can increase the temperature around trees because the trees have many branches and trunk where more area access to the sunlight than an open space. To sum up, trees have the function of decreased T in summer and increased T in winter